Fluid Geochemistry of Fault Zone Hydrothermal System in the Yidun-Litang Area, Eastern Tibetan Plateau Geothermal Belt

Abstract

The geochemical and geothermal characteristics of hydrothermal systems in an area are useful information to appropriately evaluate the geothermal potential. In this paper, we investigated the chemical and isotopic composition of thermal water in an underexploited geothermal belt, Yidun-Litang area, in eastern Tibetan Plateau. 24 hot spring samples from the Yidun and Litang area were collected and analyzed. The water chemical types of the hot springs are mainly Na-HCO3-type water. Water-rock interaction and cation exchange and mixture are the dominant hydrogeochemical processes in the hydrothermal evolution. The significant shift of D and 18O isotopes from the GMWL indicates that these springs have undergone subsurface boiling before rising to the surface. Different ratios of Cl to other conservation species can be found for the springs in Litang and Yidun areas, suggesting the different heat sources of the two hydrothermal systems. The reservoir temperature in the Yidun area is around 230°C while the reservoir temperature in the Litang area is around 200°C. Both hydrothermal systems are recharged by the meteoric water and are heated by the different deep, thermally and topographically driven convection heat along faults and undergoing subsurface boiling before going back to the surface.

Isotope and Geochemistry Characterization of Hot Springs and Cold Springs of Sembalun – Rinjani Area, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara – Indonesia

“…The study utilized stable isotopes of water, i.e., 2 H and 18 O, to investigate the origin of fluids and its interaction with surrounding rocks [2][3], while 14 C radioisotope is used to determine groundwater age [4][5]. In addition, a fluid geochemistry approach is used to determine the characteristics and temperature of the reservoir [6]. The result of this study will bring benefits as support for the development of Sembalun -Rinjani geothermal prospect, especially as electricity generation.…”

Physical-Chemical Characterization and Mineralogic Analysis of Hydrothermal Systems Located in the Coconuco and the San Juan Sectors in Cauca, Colombia

“…The sources CO9 and CO11 present temperatures of 128.1°C and 88.2°C, respectively. Table 3(b) in the sources CO7, CO9, CO11, SJ1, SJ2, and SJ3, which present values above 4 and up to 20, indicate a weak water-rock interaction with hydrothermal systems during the ascent to the surface, being consistent with low concentrations of HCO − 3 (except the source CO7) [37]. The Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ ratio presents low values, which is an evidence of the lack of direct migration of fluids.…”

“…On the other hand, the ion relations described by Hou et al [37] were considered as it is observed in 9 Geofluids Figure 7. Here, 2+ and 2− vs. 1+ and 1− ion relations presented a linear behavior with a determination coefficient of R 2 = 0 929 in the Coconuco sector and R 2 = 0 620 in the San Juan sector.…”

Hydrogeochemical Constraints Shape Hot Spring Microbial Community Compositions: Evidence From Acidic, Moderate‐Temperature Springs and Alkaline, High‐Temperature Springs, Southwestern Yunnan Geothermal Areas, China

“…Trace elements, like F − , Li + , B 3+ , are normally employed as tracers of mantle-derived/magma-derived sources and interactions between water and surrounding rocks in the hydrothermal field (Marschall et al, 2006(Marschall et al, , 2008. Deep geothermal water always contains a high concentration of trace elements (Hou et al, 2018;Kaasalainen & Stefánsson, 2012;Zhang et al, 2016). Concentrations of trace elements can be extremely low in groundwater in a shallow depth, while accumulating in hot springs when undergoing deep circulation paths or mixing with geothermal water (Arnórsson & Andrésdóttir, 1995;Guo et al, 2009).…”

“…Supplementary data set in the Table S1 is available in the in-text data citation references (Ball et al, 2001; Y. Y. Hou et al, 2018;Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1602233, 41672243, 41702262), the China Geological Survey (1212011121277). The high-throughput sequencing of the 16S ribosome RNA gene was performed at Shanghai Majorbio Bio-pharm Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.…”