Fluid Fluxing of Cumulates: the J-M Reef and Associated Rocks of the Stillwater Complex, Montana

Boudreau, A. E.

doi:10.1093/petroj/40.5.755

Cited by 96 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Migration of interstitial liquid saturated in plagioclase into an olivine-bearing crystal mush was proposed as a mechanism for olivine dissolution and production of anorthosite layers as well as discordant bodies of troctolite and anorthosite in the olivine-bearing zones of the Stillwater complex (Boudreau and McCallum 1992;Meurer et al 1997). In the same way, migration of a free fluid phase in a crystal mush can also produce partial melting of the cumulate rocks, a process which in some cases may lead to the formation of layering (Boudreau 1999;Leuthold et al 2014).…”

Section: Liquid and Fluid Migration In A Crystal Mushmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluxing of fluid within the porous crystal mush may lead to dissolution of cumulate rocks with potential for the crystallization of rocks with other mineral assemblages and therefore to the development of some layering features (Boudreau 1999). The olivine-bearing zone I of the Stillwater complex is made up of a sequence with a troctolite subzone (with troctolite, dunite, gabbronorite), followed by an overlying anorthosite subzone.…”

Section: Hydrous-fluid Fluxing Through Cumulate Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Igneous Layering in Basaltic Magma Chambers

et al. 2015

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PrefaceLayered intrusions have received continuous interest since the publication of the treatise on 'Layered Igneous Rocks' by Lawrence Wager and Malcolm Brown, updated in books edited by Ian Parsons in 1987 and Grant Cawthorn in 1996. The study of these fossilized magma chambers keep inspiring a number of scientists with a range of interests including petrology and igneous differentiation, geochronology, geochemistry, mineralogy, rock textures and fabric, fluid dynamics, and ore deposits. The goal of this book is to further our understanding of magma chamber processes and crystal-liquid relationship during magma cooling magma. Physical and chemical processes are now better quantified thanks to the development analytical and computing tools such as compositional mapping, 3D X-ray computed tomography, in situ analyses for trace elements and isotopes, development of new experimental facilities, and progress in instrument sensitivity.The book is subdivided into two parts. The first includes reviews and new views on chronological, textural, mineralogical, geochemical, and magnetic characteristics of layered igneous rocks. The second part reviews recent progress in the study of layered intrusions. A newcomer on the layered intrusions scene is the Panzhihua intrusion (SW China) that has been intensively studied recently. Reviews of recent findings for Sept Iles, Bushveld, Kiglapait, Ilímaussaq, and layered rocks in ophiolites are also presented. Interest in layered intrusions is also driven by their natural resources. Many intrusions host world-class ore bodies of chromium, platinum group elements (PGE), vanadium, titanium and phosphorous. Ore-forming processes and important deposits associated with layered intrusions are described and their origin is discussed.The objective of this book is to outline the most recent ideas and challenges in the study of layered igneous bodies. It has also the purpose to aid in teaching, and to encourage new studies to tackle major issues in the understanding of magma chamber processes and associated ore-forming processes.The book has benefited from detailed comments by a many reviewers, who are greatly acknowledged:

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Section: Liquid and Fluid Migration In A Crystal Mushmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydrous-fluid Fluxing Through Cumulate Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Igneous Layering in Basaltic Magma Chambers

et al. 2015

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“…The principal PGEs deposit of the Archean Stillwater complex, the J-M reef, is located within the Olivine-Bearing zone I (OB I) and composed of troctolite, dunite, gabbronorite and anorthosite [175]. The Picket Pin Pt/Pd deposit is a zone of disseminated PGEs-bearing sulfide which occurs in the upper 150 m of Anorthosite subzone II (AN II) of the Stillwater Complex [176].…”

Section: Initial Concentration Of Pges and Pgms During The Early Eartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of Platinum Group Elements during the Early Earth Evolution: A Review*

Pilchin¹,

Eppelbaum²

2017

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Numerous unique geological processes [1] took place during the early Earth evolution; several of them, especially those occurring in the Hadean-Early Archean and later, are reflected in the modern geological (geophysical, geochemical, etc.) pattern. One such significant enigmatic feature is the preservation of extremely dense and heavy platinum group elements (PGEs): Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Os. Concentration of PGEs during this period could have taken place in two ways: 1) presence of particular matter capable of preserving PGEs near the earth's surface, 2) transportation of PGEs by magma flows from deep lithospheric (asthenospheric) layers (slabs) to the subsurface. Clearly, much of the dense and heavy PGEs did not sink through to the Earth's mantle (core) at the time of the magma-ocean, and occur near Earth's surface in abundances for formation of ore deposits with PGE concentrations found to be 2 -3 orders of magnitude greater than those in their host media. Their enrichments are associated in numerous cases with such enigmatic phenomena as formation of anorthosites and anorthosite-bearing layered magmatic intrusions. PGE deposits and mineralization zones are also found in associations with chromitites, dunites and serpentinites. In this review, problems related to the initial concentration and preservation of PGEs, their association with anorthosites, and formation of layered intrusions are discussed in detail. The main aim of this article is analysis of the requirements-initial concentration and preservation of PGE and PGM (Platinum Group Minerals) during the early Earth evolution, as well as examination of the distribution behavior of some PGEs in different ore deposits and meteorites. It is supposed that meteoritic bombardment of Earth has played a significant role in formation of PGEs deposits. Some conclusions made in this article may be useful for developing and enhancing strategies of prospecting for PGEs deposits.

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“…In many cases, the PGM are associated with the BMS or found in alteration halos around the sulfides Li et ai., 2004;. Several processes have been proposed to explain the local concentration of the PGE: (i) the direct crystallization from the magma as platinum-group mineral ; (ii) the collection of PGE by an immiscible sulfide liquid which interacted with a large volume of silicate magma ; (iii) the collection of the PGE by magmatic fluids enriched in Cl (Boudreau and McCallum, 1992a;Boudreau, 1999;. Low temperature alteration of the reefs and PGE redistribution is known to have occurred .…”

Section: -Evidence Ofpd Remobilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rôle des liquides sulfurés dans la formation des minéralisations riches en éléments du groupe du platine :

Godel¹

2007

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Fluid Fluxing of Cumulates: the J-M Reef and Associated Rocks of the Stillwater Complex, Montana

Cited by 96 publications

References 27 publications

Igneous Layering in Basaltic Magma Chambers

Igneous Layering in Basaltic Magma Chambers

Concentration of Platinum Group Elements during the Early Earth Evolution: A Review*

Rôle des liquides sulfurés dans la formation des minéralisations riches en éléments du groupe du platine :

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