Fluid Flow Systems and Hypogene Karst of the Transdanubian Range, Hungary—With Special Emphasis on Buda Thermal Karst

Mádl-Szőnyi, Judit; Erőss, Anita; Tóth, Ádám

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53348-3_17

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The general occurrence of Caldithrix related phylotypes in almost all studied biofilm samples can be traced back to the special hydrogeological characteristics (e.g., the high temperature water from the deep regional flow system) in the Southern part of BTKS . According to our knowledge, representatives of the thermophilic anerobic chemoorganotrophic bacteria of this phylogenetic lineage were retrieved mainly from different geothermally heated and/or active volcanic environments but not from hypogene, thermal water affected karst ecosystems to date.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Thermal water contains not only karst water but also so called basinal fluid component differing for the two systems; the Rose Hill can be characterized by dominantly NaCl‐type water, while SO 4 2− ‐rich water is characteristic in the Gellért Hill discharge zone . Sulfur appears in the thermal water of the Rose Hill but more enhanced in the form of H 2 S . Consequently, our hypothesis was that both the morphological structure and genetic diversity of biofilm communities formed on the carbonate rock surfaces of the springs located in the Gellért Hill discharge zone differ from that of Rose Hill of BTKS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the BTKS a special geomicrobiological environment has been explored where microbial biofilms developed on the carbonate rock surfaces of the spring caves. These biofilms contain inorganic materials and can accumulate different trace elements . The presence of mainly iron accumulating biogeochemical layers was recognized in the BTKS, even though bacterial cell morphological structures of biofilms are characteristically different .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on preliminary hydrogeological results, the Rose Hill area are discharged by lukewarm and thermal water, while thermal water appears only in the springs of the Southern area . Thermal water contains not only karst water but also so called basinal fluid component differing for the two systems; the Rose Hill can be characterized by dominantly NaCl‐type water, while SO 4 2− ‐rich water is characteristic in the Gellért Hill discharge zone . Sulfur appears in the thermal water of the Rose Hill but more enhanced in the form of H 2 S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biofilm forming bacteria and archaea in thermal karst springs of Gellért Hill discharge area (Hungary)

et al. 2018

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The Buda Thermal Karst System (BTKS) is an extensive active hypogenic cave system located beneath the residential area of the Hungarian capital. At the river Danube, several thermal springs discharge forming spring caves. To reveal and compare the morphological structure and prokaryotic diversity of reddish-brown biofilms developed on the carbonate rock surfaces of the springs, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and molecular cloning were applied. Microbial networks formed by filamentous bacteria and other cells with mineral crystals embedded in extracellular polymeric substances were observed in the SEM images. Biofilms were dominated by prokaryotes belonging to phyla Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Nitrospirae (Bacteria) and Thaumarchaeota (Archaea) but their abundance showed differences according to the type of the host rock, geographic distance, and different water exchange. In addition, representatives of phyla Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Caldithrix, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes Gemmatimonadetes, and several candidate divisions of Bacteria as well as Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota were detected in sample-dependent higher abundance. The results indicate that thermophilic, anaerobic sulfur-, sulfate-, nitrate-, and iron(III)-reducing chemoorganotrophic as well as sulfur-, ammonia-, and nitrite-oxidizing chemolithotrophic prokaryotes can interact in the studied biofilms adapted to the unique and extreme circumstances (e.g., aphotic and nearly anoxic conditions, oligotrophy, and radionuclide accumulation) in the thermal karst springs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biofilm forming bacteria and archaea in thermal karst springs of Gellért Hill discharge area (Hungary)

et al. 2018

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“…To these areas different order flow systems convey waters with different temperatures and geochemical composition. One of the well-known examples for such situation is the hypogene karst system in Budapest (Hungary) (Erőss et al 2012;Leél-Őssy 2017;Mádl-Szőnyi et al 2017). Moreover, there are many other areas where recent thermal or lukewarm waters and caves are associated (Bakalowicz et al 1987;Plan et al 2006Plan et al , 2012Spötl et al 2009;Dublyansky et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater flow system understanding of the lukewarm springs in Kistapolca (South Hungary) and its relevance to hypogene cave formation

et al. 2020

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Springs have an important role both in groundwater flow system understanding and in maintaining groundwater-related ecosystems. The aim of the research of the lukewarm karst springs in Kistapolca is to understand the origin of the elevated temperature (22-24 °C), i.e., whether it is the result of mixing of cold and thermal waters or it represents the terminal area of intermediate flow systems. This question has also an important relevance to the evaluation of recent cave formation in the area. In case of mixing of different waters dissolution by mixing corrosion could take place. This scenario was proposed for the formation of the Beremend Cave, which is situated in the close vicinity of the springs, and which is the only known cave of the area, where the passages are partly filled by water. Therefore, several methods, including geophysical, geochemical and stable isotope measurements, evaluation of continuous-time series of water level change, temperature, and electrical conductivity data and hydraulic evaluation of vertical flow conditions by pressure-elevation profiles were combined in order to acquire information about the hydrogeological environment and flow conditions in the area. The results show that a higher order flow system derived from the Villány Hills feeds the springs in Kistapolca without significant local influence. In addition, the results related to the Beremend Cave indicate that cave formation by mixing corrosion is not an active process today in the area, the cave is rather influenced by local processes.

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Speleogenesis

2022

Karst Hydrogeology, Geomorphology and Caves

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Fluid Flow Systems and Hypogene Karst of the Transdanubian Range, Hungary—With Special Emphasis on Buda Thermal Karst

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Biofilm forming bacteria and archaea in thermal karst springs of Gellért Hill discharge area (Hungary)

Biofilm forming bacteria and archaea in thermal karst springs of Gellért Hill discharge area (Hungary)

Groundwater flow system understanding of the lukewarm springs in Kistapolca (South Hungary) and its relevance to hypogene cave formation

Speleogenesis

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