Fluid compartmentalization of Devonian and Mississippian dolostones, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin: petrologic and geochemical evidence from fracture mineralization

Al‐Aasm, Ihsan S.; Mrad, Carole; Packard, J.

doi:10.1139/cjes-2018-0226

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…17E). The presence of squeegee-type flow is consistent with the observation of Salardon et al (2017) and several other studies on fold and thrust belts (Al-Aasm et al, 2019;Beaudoin et al, 2014;Machel and Cavell, 1999;Oliver, 1986;Roure et al, 2010).…”

Section: Post-rift and Pyrenean Compressionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Rift and salt-related multi-phase dolomitization: example from the northwestern Pyrenees

Motte

Hoareau

Callot

et al. 2021

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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The Meillon (Callovo-Oxfordian) and Mano (Tithonian) Formations are dolomitized carbonate reservoirs that actively produce oil and gas (Aquitaine Basin, France). In this study, the dolomitization conditions of their counterparts exhumed in the northwestern Pyrenees are detailed using a combination of field observations, petrography, fluid inclusion microthermometry, elemental and isotopic geochemistry, and carbonate U-Pb geochronology. Dolomitization occurred in several stages spanning from the Neocomian (pre-rift) to the Albian (syn-rift, associated with mantle exhumation and active salt tectonics). Both formations were first massively dolomitized in near-surface to shallow burial conditions during the Berriasian-Valanginian, likely triggered by the influx of marine-derived waters. Between the Barremian and the Albian, the Early Cretaceous rifting caused the upward influx of hot fluids associated with the partial to complete recrystallization of the initial dolomites. During the Albian, subsequent dolomites precipitated in both formations as high-temperature (T > 160 • C) veinand pore-filling cement. Distinct fluid inclusion chlorinities and rare earth element patterns between the Meillon and Mano Formations point to fluid compartmentalization during this stage. Whereas dolomite cements indicate the involvement of evaporite-derived brines in the Meillon Formation, precipitation was likely related to clayderived water in the Mano Formation. Lastly, a final episode of dolomite cementation occurred only in the vicinity of faults and volcanic intrusions during the Albian when the highest temperatures were recorded in both formations (T > 250 • C). These saddle dolomites precipitated from hydrothermal water with a mixture of mantle-, crustal-, and evaporite-derived waters channeled by faults and active diapirs. Subsequent quartz and calcite cement precipitation reveals a temperature decrease in a post-rift to inversion setting (post-Cenomanian) and indicates fluid compartmentalization between both formations. This study highlights the major control exerted by rifting, combined with the presence of diapiric salt, on dolomitization, making carbonate platforms of modern salt-rich passive margins potential targets for exploration.

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Section: Post-rift and Pyrenean Compressionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Rift and salt-related multi-phase dolomitization: example from the northwestern Pyrenees

Motte

Hoareau

Callot

et al. 2021

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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“…Alteration of early formed dolomite is a common diagenetic process during progressive burial and/or increasing water/rock interactions (e.g., [8,108,109]). SEM and petrographic evidence for recrystallization of D1 include: (1) increase of crystal size (Figure 22); (2) lack of zonation (e.g., overgrowth) under CL, especially in D2; (3) lack of stoichiometry in D1 and D2 can be related to recrystallization of D1 to D2 by Ca-rich, warmer basinal fluids, perhaps under a semi-isolated diagenetic system (e.g., [3,13,110]). Geochemical and isotopic evidence for recrystallization with increasing burial include: (1) a negative shift of δ 18 O from postulated values of marine dolomite of respective ages (Figure 11), (2) a slight enrichment of Sr isotopic ratios (Figure 13), (3) high T h values in D2 (Figure 21), and (4) trace elements fractionation in D1 and D2 (Figure 17).…”

Section: Dolomite Recrystallizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A fundamental problem in geology is to constrain the composition of the fluids within the context of thermal and tectonic evolution (i.e., changes of stress regimes) of hosting sedimentary basins. The composition and evolution of ancient sedimentary fluids have been successfully reconstructed using recent advances in stable and radiogenic isotopes, trace and rare-earth element geochemistry, fluid inclusion analyses, and paleomagnetic techniques (e.g., [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]). The fluids identified in these studies ranged in composition from evaporative brines, marine, mixed marine-meteoric, to deep brines and hydrothermal waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dolomitization of Paleozoic Successions, Huron Domain of Southern Ontario, Canada: Fluid Flow and Dolomite Evolution

Al‐Aasm

Crowe

Tortola

2021

Water

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Integrated petrographic, isotopic, fluid inclusion microthermometry, and geochemical analyses of Paleozoic carbonate successions from multiple boreholes within the Huron Domain, southern Ontario were conducted to characterize the diagenetic history and fluid composition, on a regional scale, and evaluate the nature and origin of dolomitized beds. Multiple generations of non-stochiometric dolomite have been observed. These dolomites occur as both replacement (D1 and D2) and cement (saddle dolomite; SD) and formed either at near-surface to shallow burial zone (D1) or intermediate burial (D2 and SD). Petrographic and geochemical data of dolomite types and calcite cement suggest that these carbonates have experienced multiple fluid events that affected dolomite formation and other diagenetic processes. Cambrian and Ordovician strata have two possibly isolated diagenetic fluid systems; an earlier fluid system that is characterized by a pronounced negative shift in oxygen and carbon isotopic composition, more radiogenic Sr ratios, warm and saline signatures, higher average ∑REE compared to warm water marine brachiopods, negative La anomaly, and positive Ce anomaly; and a later Ordovician system, characterized by less negative shifts in oxygen and carbon isotopes, comparable Th, hypersaline, a less radiogenic, less negative La anomaly, and primarily positive Ce anomaly but also higher average ∑REE compared to warm water marine brachiopods. Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian Sr isotopic ratios, however, show seawater composition of their respective age as the primary source of diagenetic fluids with minor rock/water interactions. In contrast, the isotopic data of the overlying Silurian and Devonian carbonates show overlaps between δ13C and δ18O values. However, δ18O values show evidence of dolomite recrystallization. D2 shows wide Th values and medium to high salinity values. Higher Th and salinity are observed in SD in the Silurian carbonates, which suggest the involvement of localized fluxes of hydrothermal fluids during its formation during Paleozoic orogenesis. Geochemical proxies suggest that in both age groups the diagenetic fluids were originally of coeval seawater composition, subsequently modified via water-rock interaction possibly related to brines, which were modified by the dissolution of Silurian evaporites from the Salina series. The integration of the obtained data in the present study demonstrates the linkage between fluid flux history, fluid compartmentalization, and related diagenesis during the regional tectonic evolution of the Michigan Basin.

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“…Therefore, studying the strength, deformation, fracture behavior, and stress distribution of rock mass is significant for understanding the fracture mechanism of rock mass and predicting the unstable failure of rock engineering [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress distribution characteristics and crack propagation law of fractured hard rock influenced by opening degree

Jia,

Liu

2024

Preprint

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Fracture opening degree and inclination angle are important factors affecting the crack evolution as well as the strength of the fractured rock body. To investigate the mechanical characteristics and cracking behavior of hard rock specimens under the combined influence of opening degree and inclination angle, we conducted uniaxial compression tests and numerical simulations on pre-cracked hard rock specimens. The study shows that as the crack dip angle increases, the initial crack position of hard rock specimens with prefabricated cracks of the same opening shifts from the short-axis end to the long-axis end. Additionally, when the crack opening is less than 1.5mm, the peak strength of the sample initially decreases and then increases with the increase of the crack dip angle. The peak strength of the sample increases as the crack dip angle increases when the crack opening is greater than 1.5mm. On the other hand, when the crack opening is less than 0.4mm, the peak crack initiation stress of the specimen first decreases and then increases with the increase of the crack inclination angle. When the crack opening is greater than 0.4mm, the crack initiation stress of the specimen gradually increases with the increase of the crack inclination angle. During the compression process, the closure of the crack surface weakens the concentration of compressive stress at the end of the prefabricated crack, thereby increasing the crack initiation stress of the shear crack. For instance, in the 30° inclined specimen, the crack initiation stress of the shear crack is 156.25MPa, 100.95MPa, and 92.02MPa when the openings are 0.2mm, 0.4mm, and 2mm, respectively. Based on the stress distribution law around the detected crack, it is evident that the tensile stress concentration area shifts from the middle of the crack to both ends as the crack dip angle increases. At a dip angle greater than 45°, the concentration area is entirely at the end of the crack. The crack opening has little effect on the crack initiation stress and peak strength of the sample when the prefabricated crack angle is greater than 45°. When the prefabricated crack angle is less than 45°, the opening of the crack significantly affects the stress at which the crack initiates and the peak strength of the sample. To describe the degree of closure of prefabricated cracks at different loading stages, we propose a transition model of 'fixed beam → fixed end and hinged end'. Our study reveals the crack propagation law and mechanical mechanism of prefabricated crack specimens with a certain opening under compressive load.

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Fluid compartmentalization of Devonian and Mississippian dolostones, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin: petrologic and geochemical evidence from fracture mineralization

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Rift and salt-related multi-phase dolomitization: example from the northwestern Pyrenees

Rift and salt-related multi-phase dolomitization: example from the northwestern Pyrenees

Dolomitization of Paleozoic Successions, Huron Domain of Southern Ontario, Canada: Fluid Flow and Dolomite Evolution

Stress distribution characteristics and crack propagation law of fractured hard rock influenced by opening degree

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