Fluid Absorption During Urological Endoscopy

Abstract

Transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) and, more recently, percutaneous nephrolithotomy and endoureteric procedures for stones in the kidney and ureter have justifiably become popular because of the many advantages offered by these less invasive procedures. Any surgical operation has its attendant complications and absorption of irrigant fluid is a major and potentially fatal complication of all of these endoscopic techniques. This review examines the incidence, the causes and the pathological sequelae of excessive fluid absorption and suggests some ways to prevent it.

Volumetric Overload Shocks in the Patho-Etiology of the Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) Syndrome and Acute Dilution Hyponatraemia: The Clinical Evidence Based on Prospective Clinical Study of 100 Consecutive TURP Patients

“…The measured mean volume of glycine absorption, blood loss and changes of serum electrolytes are similar to those reported by other authors [29][30][31][32][33]. The Data indicate that a volume of >2 litres, gained in one hour, can lead to the TURP syndrome; >3.5 litres precipitates VOS1 and multiple system dysfunctions ( Figure 2).…”

Volumetric overload shocks in the patho-aetiology of the Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (Turp) Syndrome and acute dilution hyponatraemia: The clinical evidence based on prospective clinical study of 100 consecutive Turp patients

“…The measured mean volume of Glycine absorption, blood loss and changes of serum electrolytes are similar to those reported by other authors [29][30][31][32][33]. Data indicate that a volume of >2 litres, gained in one hour, can lead to the TURP syndrome; >3.5 litres precipitates VOS1 and multiple system dysfunctions ( Figure 2).…”

Incidence, clinical manifestations and outcome of TUR (transurethral resection) syndrome in patients undergoing TURP under spinal anaesthesia: results from clinical observations in a cohort of 50 patients at a tertiary care centre in North India

“…5 Excessive absorption of the irrigation solutions used during TURP, which are highly hypotonic leads to dilutional hyponatremia, hypoosmolality resulting in severe neurological symptoms manifesting at serum sodium concentrations below 120 mmol/l. [6][7][8][9] In a conscious and alert patient under spinal anaesthesia, clinical manifestations like nausea, vomiting, confusion and irritability can easily be noticed and may be the first sign of TURP syndrome and bladder perforation. Early changes may also manifest related to the cardiorespiratory system and include decreased oxygen saturation and ECG changes.…”