“…These include the Developmental Sentence Score (DSS, Lee, 1974) and the Index of Productive Syntax (IPSyn, Scarborough, 1990) for child language, as wells as the Northwestern Narrative Language Analysis (NNLA, Thompson et al, 1995), Quantitative Production Analysis (QPA, Rochon, Saffran, Berndt, & Schwartz, 2000), and Computerized Propositional Idea Density Rater (CPIDR, Brown, Snodgrass, Kemper, Herman, & Covington, 2008) for aphasia. Both the basic measures and the more complex profile measures are then packaged together into either the KIDEVAL system for child language, the EVAL system for adult language analysis, or the FLUCALC system for stuttering (Bernstein Ratner & MacWhinney, 2018). Using these systems, a researcher or clinician can summarize the data for a group or a single participant and can compare a single participant with reference groups from the TalkBank database.…”