Fluctuating dermatoglyphic asymmetries in youth at ultrahigh-risk for psychotic disorders

Russak, Olivia; Ives, Lindsay; Mittal, Vijay A.; Dean, Derek J.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.12.013

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The effect size, however, was moderate (Cohen's d = 0.44), by Cohen's [279] criteria. More recently, the same research team [97,98] has shown that a larger sample of adolescents at risk for psychosis also have greater dermatoglyphic asymmetry, with a similar effect size (Cohen's d = 0.48). The authors suggest that the results of both studies support the Diathesis-Stress Model in which prenatal insults disturb the structure and function of the hippocampal region, which regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.…”

Section: Psychologymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Nine years later, Van Valen [4] used an offshoot of the correlation coefficient (r), 1 − r 2 , the coefficient of indetermination, as an estimate of the unshared variance (i.e., the random variation). Most early researchers working with humans, including Bailit et al [2], Micle and Koblyliansky [90], Mellor [38], and others [94-96] followed Holt's [45] and Van Valen's [4] lead (but see [77,82,83,97,98]). Evolutionary biologists, on the other hand, favored some variant of Mather's [3] approach and soon found justification for it.…”

Section: Dermatoglyphic Asymmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors were concerned about evidence of possible publication bias (unpublished data sets had smaller correlations than published ones). Recent research suggests that dermatoglyphic asymmetries are related to hippocampal dependent cognitive function [97].…”

Section: Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluctuating Asymmetry of Human Populations: A Review

Graham

Özener

2016

Symmetry

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Fluctuating asymmetry, the random deviation from perfect symmetry, is a widely used population-level index of developmental instability, developmental noise, and robustness. It reflects a population's state of adaptation and genomic coadaptation. Here, we review the literature on fluctuating asymmetry of human populations. The most widely used bilateral traits include skeletal, dental, and facial dimensions; dermatoglyphic patterns and ridge counts; and facial shape. Each trait has its advantages and disadvantages, but results are most robust when multiple traits are combined into a composite index of fluctuating asymmetry (CFA). Both environmental (diet, climate, toxins) and genetic (aneuploidy, heterozygosity, inbreeding) stressors have been linked to population-level variation in fluctuating asymmetry. In general, these stressors increase average fluctuating asymmetry. Nevertheless, there have been many conflicting results, in part because (1) fluctuating asymmetry is a weak signal in a sea of noise; and (2) studies of human fluctuating asymmetry have not always followed best practices. The most serious concerns are insensitive asymmetry indices (correlation coefficient and coefficient of indetermination), inappropriate size scaling, unrecognized mixture distributions, inappropriate corrections for directional asymmetry, failure to use composite indices, and inattention to measurement error. Consequently, it is often difficult (or impossible) to compare results across traits, and across studies.

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Section: Psychologymentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Dermatoglyphic Asymmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluctuating Asymmetry of Human Populations: A Review

Graham

Özener

2016

Symmetry

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“…Indirect evidence suggests a link between early brain development and increased rates of psychosis from prenatal famine/nutrition (4,5), flu exposure (6,7), and deletions of genes related to early brain development (i.e., 22q11 deletion; 8,9). Furthermore, other established markers of early prenatal development (e.g., dermatoglyphics) relate to psychosis (10,11), but do not provide a direct metric of brain development. Gyrification may provide a more direct metric of early brain development and added insight into abnormal neurodevelopmental processes in psychosis.…”

Section: Backroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Morphometry in the Psychosis Risk Period: A Comprehensive Perspective of Surface Features

Damme

Gupta

Nusslock

et al. 2019

Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

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Background-Gyrification features reflect brain development in the early prenatal environment. Clarifying the nature of these features in psychosis can help shed light on the role of early developmental insult. However, the literature is currently widely discrepant, which may reflect confounds related to formally psychotic patient populations or overreliance on a single cortical surface morphometry(CSM) feature. Methods-The present study compares CSM features of gyrification in clinical high-risk (CHR, n=43) youth during the prodromal risk period to typically developing controls over two time points across three metrics; local gyrification index(lGI), mean curvature index(MCI), and sulcal depth (improving resolution and examination of change over 1-year). Results-Gyrification was stable over time, supporting that gyrification reflects early insult rather than abnormal development/reorganization associated with the disease state. Each of the indices highlighted unique, aberrant features in the CHR group with respect to controls. Specifically, lGI reflected hypogyrification in lateral orbitofrontal, superior bank of the superior temporal sulcus, anterior isthmus of the cingulate, and temporal poles; MCI indicated sharper gyral and flatter/wider sulcal peaks in the cingulate, post-central, and lingual gyrus; sulcal depth identified shallow features in parietal, superior temporal sulcus, and cingulate regions. Further, both MCI and sulcal depth converged on abnormal features in the parietal cortex. Conclusions-Gyrification metrics suggest early developmental insult and provides support for neurodevelopmental hypotheses. Observations of stable CSM features across time provide context for interpreting extant studies and speak to CSM as a promising stable marker/endophenotype. Collectively, findings support the importance of considering multiple CSM features.

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“…ability of an organism to moderate its development against genetic or environmental stresses. Increasing fluctuating asymmetry is in human populations linked to some indicators of developmental stability such as morbidity and number of offspring [43] or length of gestation [26], as well as to specific multifactorial disorders [9,38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%