Flowers, phenology and pollination of the endemic New Zealand greenhood orchid<i>Pterostylis brumalis</i>

Bodley, Emma; Beggs, Jacqueline R.; Toft, Richard; Gaskett, Anne C.

doi:10.1080/0028825x.2016.1147470

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…This leaf strategy could be maintained in arid, desert environments—where water is limited—through ephemeral life histories, including rapid deployment of leaves and completion of the life cycle following rain, followed by energy conservation in tuberous rhizomes in dry periods (Noy‐Meir, ). Orchid flowering, seed set, and even pollination are sometimes triggered by rainfall events (Bodley, Beggs, Toft, & Gaskett, ; Brown & York, ; Fan et al, ). Some orchid species exhibit leaf trait adaptations compatible with drought conditions (e.g., sunken stoma, thick surface cuticles in Slipper Orchids, Paphiopedilum ; Guan, Zhang, Guan, Li, & Hu, ) and so their paucity in Australian deserts may not be due to a lack of adaptive potential for arid environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orchid diversity: Spatial and climatic patterns from herbarium records

Gaskett

Gallagher

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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AimWe test for spatial and climatic patterns of diversification in the Orchidaceae, an angiosperm family characterized by high levels of species diversity and rarity. Globally, does orchid diversity correlate with land area? In Australia, does diversity correlate with herbarium collecting effort, range size, or climate niche breadth? Where are Australia's orchids distributed spatially, in protected areas, and in climate space?LocationGlobal, then Australia.MethodsWe compared orchid diversity with land area for continents and recognized orchid diversity hotspots. Then, we used cleaned herbarium records to compare collecting effort (for Australian Orchidaceae vs. all other plant families, and also among orchid genera). Spatial and climate distributions were mapped to determine orchids’ coverage in the protected area network, range sizes, and niche breadths.ResultsGlobally, orchid diversity does not correlate with land area (depauperate regions are the subantarctic: 10 species, and northern North America: 394 species). Australian herbarium records and collecting effort generally reflect orchid species diversity (1,583 spp.), range sizes, and niche breadths. Orchids are restricted to 13% of Australia's landmass with 211 species absent from any protected areas. Species richness is the greatest in three biomes with high general biodiversity: Temperate (especially southwest and southeast Australia), Tropical, and Subtropical (coastal northern Queensland). Absence from the Desert is consistent with our realized climate niche—orchids avoid high temperature/low rainfall environments. Orchids have narrower range sizes than nonorchid species. Highly diverse orchid genera have narrower rainfall breadths than less diverse genera.Main conclusionsHerbarium data are adequate for testing hypotheses about Australian orchids. Distribution is likely driven by environmental factors. In contrast, diversification did not correlate with increases in range size, rainfall, or temperature breadths, suggesting speciation does not occur via invasion and local adaptation to new habitats. Instead, diversification may rely on access to extensive obligate symbioses with mycorrhizae and/or pollinators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orchid diversity: Spatial and climatic patterns from herbarium records

Gaskett

Gallagher

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…To understand the effects of plant reproductive features on the degree of pollen limitation, several key traits were extracted, including the capacity for autonomous self-reproduction, pollination type (generalized vs. specialized pollination) [24], flower shape (restricted vs. nonrestricted) [25], rewards type (nectariferous vs. nectarless) [26] and flowering time [27], from the collected studies, other studies on the same species or the Flora of China (www.iplant.cn). We assessed the capacity for one is the open flowers those were radial symmetry and whose nectars were easily to be reached (non-restricted flowers), and the other one was bilateral symmetry or those with a tubular shape that can limit pollinator's behavior (restricted flowers).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis reveals severe pollen limitation for the flowering plants growing in the East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region.

Jiao

Xie

2020

Preprint

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Background: Pollen limitation occurs widely and has an important effect on flowering plants. The East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region is a global biodiversity hotspot. However, to our knowledge, no study has synthetically assessed the degree of pollen limitation in this area. The present study aims to reveal the degree of pollen limitation for the flowering plants growing on the East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains and to test whether the reproductive features or the elevation is closely correlated with the degree of pollen limitation in this area.Results: We complied data from 76 studies, which included 96 species and 108 independent data records. We found that the flowering plants in this area undergo severe pollen limitation (overall Hedges’ d=2.004, with a 95% confidence interval [1.3264, 2.6743]) that is much higher than that of the flowering plants growing in many other regions around the world. The degree of pollen limitation was tested to determine the correlation with the capacity for autonomous self-reproduction and with the pollination pattern (generalized vs. specialized pollination) of plants. In addition, we found a clear relationship between elevation and the degree of pollen limitation, which indicates that plants might undergo more severe pollen limitation in relatively high places.Conclusions: This paper is the first to address the severe pollen limitation of the flowering plants growing in the East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region. Moreover, we reveal the positive correlation between elevation and the degree of pollen limitation.

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“…To understand the effects of plant reproductive features on the degree of pollen limitation, several key traits were extracted, including the capacity for autonomous self-reproduction, pollination type (generalized vs. specialized pollination) [24], ower shape (restricted vs. nonrestricted) [25], rewards type (nectariferous vs. nectarless) [26] and owering time [27], from the collected studies, other studies on the same species or the Flora of China (www.iplant.cn). We assessed the capacity for autonomous selfreproduction by the reproductive success of bagged treatments and hand-pollination treatments from the collected papers or from other studies on the same species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis reveals severe pollen limitation for the flowering plants growing in the East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region.

Jiao

Xie

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Pollen limitation occurs widely and has an important effect on flowering plants. The East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region is a global biodiversity hotspot. However, to our knowledge, no study has synthetically assessed the degree of pollen limitation in this area. The present study aims to reveal the degree of pollen limitation for the flowering plants growing on East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains and to test whether the reproductive features or the elevation is closely correlated with the degree of pollen limitation in this area. Results: We complied data from 76 studies, which included 96 species and 108 independent data records. We found that the flowering plants in this area undergo severe pollen limitation (overall Hedges’ d=2.004, with a 95% confidence interval [1.3264, 2.6743]) that is much higher than that of the flowering plants growing in many other regions around the world. The degree of pollen limitation was tested to determine the correlation with the capacity for autonomous self-reproduction and with the pollination pattern (generalized vs. specialized pollination) of plants. In addition, we found a clear relationship between elevation and the degree of pollen limitation, which indicates that plants might undergo more severe pollen limitation in relatively high places.Conclusions: This paper is the first to address the severe pollen limitation of the flowering plants growing in East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region. Moreover, we reveal the positive correlation between elevation and the degree of pollen limitation.

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Flowers, phenology and pollination of the endemic New Zealand greenhood orchidPterostylis brumalis

Cited by 15 publications

References 84 publications

Orchid diversity: Spatial and climatic patterns from herbarium records

Orchid diversity: Spatial and climatic patterns from herbarium records

Meta-analysis reveals severe pollen limitation for the flowering plants growing in the East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region.

Meta-analysis reveals severe pollen limitation for the flowering plants growing in the East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region.

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