Flower-shaped lithium nitride as a protective layer via facile plasma activation for stable lithium metal anodes

Chen, Ke; Pathak, Rajesh; Gurung, Ashim; Adhamash, Ezaldeen; Bahrami, Behzad; He, Qingquan; Qiao, Hui; Smirnova, Alevtina; Wu, James J.; Qiao, Qiquan; Zhou, Yue

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2019.02.006

Cited by 155 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The formation of the SEI causes asignificant irreversible loss of capacity and al ower coulombic efficiency after the first cycle. [48,49] In addition, in the first anodic scan, the oxidation peak located at 0.565 Vc an be assigned to the reaction of the Li-Sn alloy,a s shown by the reaction Sn + x Li + x e À $Li x Sn (0 x 4.4). In the next four cycles,t he voltage of the initial oxidation peak lies in the range from 0.543 to 0.668 V, al arge proportion of which is higher than that of the first cycle (0.565 V).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sloping line describes the solidstate diffusion of lithium ions. [48][49][50] To quantify the EIS spectra, the impedance spectra of the SnSe 2 /CNTse lectrode in Figure 7a were analyzed by using equivalent circuits with combinations of R/C and R/Q to fit the EIS response. Figure 7b shows that the experimentala nd simulated impedance spectra of the SnSe 2 /CNTse lectrode agree well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two‐Dimensional SnSe₂/CNTs Hybrid Nanostructures as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Chen

Jia

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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Tind iselenide (SnSe 2 ), as an anodem aterial,h as outstandingp otential for use in advanced lithium-ion batteries. However,l ike other tin-based anodes, SnSe 2 suffers from poor cycle life and low rate capabilityd ue to large volume expansion during the repeated Li + insertion/de-insertion process. This work reports an effectivea nd easy strategy to combine SnSe 2 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to form a SnSe 2 /CNTsh ybrid nanostructure. The synthesized SnSe 2 has ar egularh exagonal shape with at ypical 2D nanostructure and the carbon nanotubes combine well with the SnSe 2 nanosheets. The hybrid nanostructure can significantly reduce the serious damage to electrodes that occurs during electrochemical cycling processes. Remarkably,t he SnSe 2 / CNTse lectrodee xhibits ah igh reversible specific capacity of 457.6 mA hg À1 at 0.1 Ca nd 210.3 mA hg À1 after 100 cycles. At ac ycling rate of 0.5 C, the SnSe 2 /CNTse lectrode can still achieve ah igh value of 176.5 mA hg À1 ,w hereas av alue of 45.8 mA hg À1 is achieved for the pure SnSe 2 electrode. The enhanced electrochemical performance of the SnSe 2 /CNTs electrode demonstrates its great potential for use in lithiumion batteries.T hus, this work reports af acile approacht o the synthesis of SnSe 2 /CNTsa sap romising anode material for lithium-ionb atteries.Supporting information and the ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under: https://doi.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional SnSe₂/CNTs Hybrid Nanostructures as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Chen

Jia

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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“…[29] The lower roughness of graphite-SiO 2 Li electrode provides a route for uniform Li plating. [35] To further study and understand the electrochemical behavior of bare Li and graphite-SiO 2 Li, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement was performed for symmetric cells for the first five cycles. The higher Young's modulus value of graphite-SiO 2 bilayer deposited on bare Li can be attributed to the superior structural efficiency and mechanical strength of both graphite and SiO 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[28,46] The previous study also showed that the homogeneous Li-ion flux distribution favors lateral directional Li plating with plating cycles leading to a layer-by-layer film growth. [35,51] In graphite-SiO 2 /NMC, the lower CE can be attributed to the lithiation/delithiation with SiO 2 thin film and not-yet stabilized artificial SEI in the first cycle. [11a,19] Cross-sectional SEM images show that a thicker layer of Li with dendrite was deposited on the bare Li surface (Figure S8a,c, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin Bilayer of Graphite/SiO₂ as Solid Interface for Reviving Li Metal Anode

Pathak

Chen

Gurung

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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137

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3860 mAh g −1 ), low redox potential (−3.04 V vs standard hydrogen electrode) and high capability to be coupled with high-voltage and/or high-capacity cathode materials. [1] However, the practical application of Li as an anode in rechargeable lithium batteries is still hindered by the uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites, low Coulombic efficiency (CE), and limited cycle life. [2] Numerous efforts have been made to address these issues. One of the strategies focuses on the design of suitable electrolytes by optimizing the concentration, [3] adding additives and fillers, [4] engineering highmodulus solid electrolytes and polymer electrolytes. [5] These advanced electrolytes are expected to have excellent electrochemical stability on the Li electrode and higher Young's modulus to resist the dendrite growth. [6] Further, developing stable host materials and nanostructured scaffolds to accommodate Li during the plating process has been employed to address the issues of large volume changes during lithium plating/stripping. [7] Recently, developing an artificial interfacial layer between the electrolyte and Li metal electrode has attracted tremendous attention in lithium metal batteries (LMBs). The interfacial layer can prevent side reactions, enable fast Li-ion diffusion, and suppress the Li dendrite growth for the efficient operation of Li metal anode. The side reactions and interfacial instability of Li metal lead to significant consumption of electrolyte. As a result, the resistance of the Li metal cell increases that leads to overpotential and ultimately short cell lifespan. Previous studies showed that various ceramics such as SiO 2 , TiO 2 , SnO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 are very promising interfacial layers to buffer the volumetric expansion of the anode. [8] Such ceramic layers are able to conduct Li + and block electron transport. [9] Lithiated multiwall carbon nanotubes and multilayered graphene with high mechanical rigidity have been reported as a controlled Li diffusion interface. [10] In addition, glass fibers, silica sandwiched between two separators, and silica@poly(methyl methacrylate) (SiO 2 @PMMA) nanosphere-modified Cu electrode has also been studied. [7c,11] These artificial layers improve wettability toward electrolyte, reduce the concentration of Li ions, and react with growing Li to suppress the dendrites. Organic/inorganic Lithium metal anodes are expected to drive practical applications that require high energy-density storage. However, the direct use of metallic lithium causes safety concerns, low rate capabilities, and poor cycling performance due to unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and undesired lithium dendrite growth. To address these issues, a radio frequency sputtered graphite-SiO 2 ultrathin bilayer on a Li metal chips is demonstrated, for the first time, as an effective SEI layer. This leads to a dendrite free uniform Li deposition to achieve a stable voltage profile and outstanding long hours plating/stripping compared to the bare Li. Compared to a bare Li anode, the graph...

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“…Generally, metal dendrite becomes the major problem of alkali metal batteries. Numerous researches have made great achievements to suppress the growth of dendrite in recent years: (1) build 3D electrode to distribute the electric field; (2) change the growth direction of dendrite; (3) introduce nucleation sites to lead uniform deposition; (4) establish solid electrolyte to resist dendrite physically; (5) modify solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer to form stable depositional interface . These strategies have suppressed the dendrite successfully and satisfied the application on the earth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Newtonian Fluid State K–Na Alloy for a Stretchable Energy Storage Device

Zhang

et al. 2019

Small Methods

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Potassium–sodium alloy (KNA) is defined as an attractive candidate for energy storage devices in space probes. Nevertheless, high surface tension and fluidity of KNA make the electrode difficult to shape which results in unstable electrochemical properties. In this contribution, a low surface tension and paintable non‐Newtonian fluid state KNA and Super P composite (KNA@C) fabricated by a simple stirring strategy is reported. The formation of hydroxides in the KNA@C composite gives rise to stable liquid alloy–electrolyte and liquid alloy–current collector interfaces. Moreover, the KNA@C coating can be well adhered on the surface of the current collector, and keeps stable under bending, folding, and stretching. In addition, an energy conversion device with stretchable and flexible properties is assembled based on the KNA@C anode. Excitingly, the blub keeps shining even extending the device to more than 200% and twisting it to ±90° repeatedly. This research provides an optimistic prospect to achieve stretchable and flexible dendrite‐free alkali metal batteries.

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Flower-shaped lithium nitride as a protective layer via facile plasma activation for stable lithium metal anodes

Cited by 155 publications

References 44 publications

Two‐Dimensional SnSe₂/CNTs Hybrid Nanostructures as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Two‐Dimensional SnSe₂/CNTs Hybrid Nanostructures as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Ultrathin Bilayer of Graphite/SiO₂ as Solid Interface for Reviving Li Metal Anode

Non‐Newtonian Fluid State K–Na Alloy for a Stretchable Energy Storage Device

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Flower-shaped lithium nitride as a protective layer via facile plasma activation for stable lithium metal anodes

Cited by 155 publications

References 44 publications

Two‐Dimensional SnSe2/CNTs Hybrid Nanostructures as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Two‐Dimensional SnSe2/CNTs Hybrid Nanostructures as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Ultrathin Bilayer of Graphite/SiO2 as Solid Interface for Reviving Li Metal Anode

Non‐Newtonian Fluid State K–Na Alloy for a Stretchable Energy Storage Device

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Two‐Dimensional SnSe₂/CNTs Hybrid Nanostructures as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Two‐Dimensional SnSe₂/CNTs Hybrid Nanostructures as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Ultrathin Bilayer of Graphite/SiO₂ as Solid Interface for Reviving Li Metal Anode