Flower-like SnO2 Nanoparticle Biofabrication Using Pometia pinnata Leaf Extract and Study on Its Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities

Abstract

The present study reported biofabrication of flower-like SnO2 nanoparticles using Pometia pinnata leaf extract. The study focused on the physicochemical characteristics of the prepared SnO2 nanoparticles and its activity as photocatalyst and antibacterial agent. The characterization was performed by XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-DRS and XPS analyses. Photocatalytic activity of the nanoparticles was examined on bromophenol blue photooxidation; meanwhile, the antibacterial activity was evaluated against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. XRD and XPS analyses confirmed the single tetragonal SnO2 phase. The result from SEM analysis indicates the flower like morphology of SnO2 nanoparticles, and by TEM analysis, the nanoparticles were seen to be in uniform spherical shapes with a diameter ranging from 8 to 20 nm. SnO2 nanoparticles showed significant photocatalytic activity in photooxidation of bromophenol blue as the degradation efficiency reached 99.93%, and the photocatalyst exhibited the reusability as the degradation efficiency values were insignificantly changed until the fifth cycle. Antibacterial assay indicated that the synthesized SnO2 nanoparticles exhibit an inhibition of tested bacteria and showed a potential to be applied for further environmental and medical applications.

Recent Advancements in Plant- and Microbe-Mediated Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanomaterials and Their Emerging Antimicrobial Applications

“…Furthermore, spherical shaped Fe 2 O 3 NPs with diameter 51 nm were synthesized using Hibiscus rosa sinensis flower extract (Figure k . Flower like structures of tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) NPs in the size range 8–20 nm were synthesized using Pometia pinnata extract (Figure l) . Similarly, diverse shapes of Ag NPs such as tetrahedral, spherical, and oval with diameters of 32–77 nm were synthesized utilizing stem, leaves, and roots of Persicaria hydropiper extract as shown in Figure m–p …”

“…(l) FESEM images of flower-like morphology of SnO 2 NPs synthesized using Pometia pinnata extract. Reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2021 MDPI publishers.…”

Advances in Sno₂-Based Nanomaterials for Photocatalysis, Supercapacitors, and Antibacterial Activities

“…The 3 nm-sized, highly photocatalytically active nanoparticles were synthesised; 88.8% of the 9 of 23 MB solution was degraded by SnO2 NPs after 30 minutes of UV light, and 90.0% after 120 minutes of UV irradiation. Pometia pinnata leaf extract was used by Fatimah et al [55] to biofabricate flower like SnO2 NPs. On the photooxidation of bromophenol blue (BPB), the nanoparticles' photocatalytic activity was investigated.…”

“…The other major mechanistic ways in which NPs exhibit antibacterial behaviour are the deactivation of enzymes, their attachment to NPs, and the disruption of the hydrogen bonding between two antiparallel strands of DNA [101]. [55] for the biofabrication of flowers like SnO2 NPs. Antibacterial testing revealed that the synthesised SnO2 NPs exhibit an inhibition of the tested bacteria and have the potential to be used in other medicinal applications.…”

“…Additionally, they observed maximum inhibition of S. aureus strain as compared to E. coli. Fatimah and co-workers [111] reported biofabricating SnO2 NPs with the intervention of Pometia pinnata leaf extract. The bacterial strain such as K. pneumonia, E. coli and S. aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity.…”