Flow-through electrodes

A review on counter electrode materials in dye-sensitized solar cells

“…Carbon black is an excellent material for a counter electrode, due to its properties like high surface area-tovolume ratio, excellent conductivity and the electrocatalytic activity towards the I À /I 3 À redox species. [62][63][64] In carbon materials, the active sites for catalysis are located at the crystal edges. When a carbon material is used as the CE, there must be a control of the layer thickness, because it affects the catalysis and resistance of the material.…”

Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Carbon Black Counter Electrodes

“…They are electrically conducting and show catalytic activity for the reduction of triiodide. [32][33][34] The active sites for catalysis in carbon materials are located at the crystal edges. Consequently carbon blacks having low crystallinity and many edges may be more active than highly orientated carbon materials such as graphite and carbon nanotubes.…”

Pulsed laser deposition of graphite counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

“…8,[10][11][12] In addition to the wide availability of this element in nature and its low processing costs, carbon-based materials, such as graphite and nanotubes exhibit a number of promising PV characteristics, including good carrier mobility, resistance to corrosion, and the ability to reduce common electrolytes. 13 A few recent reports have demonstrated that the performance of solar cells utilizing double-, or multiwalled carbon nanotube ͑CNT͒, or hard carbon spherules, is comparable to those based on platinum. 8,[10][11][12] Further improvement in the catalytic activity of graphite is also possible through the use of porous architectures that increase the electrolyte/electrode interfacial area.…”