Flow Patterns in Carotid Bifurcation Models Using Pulsed Doppler Ultrasound: Effect of Concentric vs. Eccentric Stenosis on Turbulence and Recirculation

Poepping, Tamie L.; Rankin, Richard N.; Holdsworth, David W.

doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2010.02.005

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(41 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The PIV-compatible life-sized phantoms [33] each incorporated the physiologically relevant geometry [34] based on an 8-mm inner diameter common carotid artery (CCA), 5.5-mm internal carotid artery (ICA), and 4.5-mm external carotid artery (ECA). The flow loop included a phantom, downstream flow resistors (generating ∼60∶40 ICA∶ECA flow division), and a programmable positive-displacement pump (CompuFlow 1000, Shelley Medical Imaging, London CAN) [35] equipped with synchronization signal thus enabling gated data acquisition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Shear Stress Measurements Using Particle Image Velocimetry in a Family of Carotid Artery Models: Effect of Stenosis Severity, Plaque Eccentricity, and Ulceration

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atherosclerotic disease, and the subsequent complications of thrombosis and plaque rupture, has been associated with local shear stress. In the diseased carotid artery, local variations in shear stress are induced by various geometrical features of the stenotic plaque. Greater stenosis severity, plaque eccentricity (symmetry) and plaque ulceration have been associated with increased risk of cerebrovascular events based on clinical trial studies. Using particle image velocimetry, the levels and patterns of shear stress (derived from both laminar and turbulent phases) were studied for a family of eight matched-geometry models incorporating independently varied plaque features – i.e. stenosis severity up to 70%, one of two forms of plaque eccentricity, and the presence of plaque ulceration). The level of laminar (ensemble-averaged) shear stress increased with increasing stenosis severity resulting in 2–16 Pa for free shear stress (FSS) and approximately double (4–36 Pa) for wall shear stress (WSS). Independent of stenosis severity, marked differences were found in the distribution and extent of shear stress between the concentric and eccentric plaque formations. The maximum WSS, found at the apex of the stenosis, decayed significantly steeper along the outer wall of an eccentric model compared to the concentric counterpart, with a 70% eccentric stenosis having 249% steeper decay coinciding with the large outer-wall recirculation zone. The presence of ulceration (in a 50% eccentric plaque) resulted in both elevated FSS and WSS levels that were sustained longer (∼20 ms) through the systolic phase compared to the non-ulcerated counterpart model, among other notable differences. Reynolds (turbulent) shear stress, elevated around the point of distal jet detachment, became prominent during the systolic deceleration phase and was widely distributed over the large recirculation zone in the eccentric stenoses.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Shear Stress Measurements Using Particle Image Velocimetry in a Family of Carotid Artery Models: Effect of Stenosis Severity, Plaque Eccentricity, and Ulceration

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Grinberg et al [20] investigated transient turbulence in a bifurcated carotid artery (built from MRI data) through high resolution simulations in three dimensions. Wong et al [43] and Poepping et al [32] performed in vitro studies on turbulence intensity in the downstream region of an arterial plaque. Chen et al [8,10] studied the relationships between force/flow and the intimal hyperplasia (IH) in stented coronary arteries by computational and experimental approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a pulsatile non-Newtonian flow past a stenosed 2D artery with atherosclerosis

Tian

Zhu

Fok

et al. 2013

Computers in Biology and Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Recirculation plays an important role in thrombus formation, as shear rate and exposure time increases. 44 Recirculation also results in a longer exposure time to paracrine activation factors and allows for easier deposition of fibrin in low flow zones because of a longer retention time. 45,46 Interestingly, the formation of a thrombus was not limited merely to the recirculation area, as platelet aggregation also occurred near the onset of the stenosis and at the apex of the stenosis where no recirculation is to be expected.…”

Section: Thrombosis-on-a-chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mimicking arterial thrombosis in a 3D-printed microfluidic in vitro vascular model based on computed tomography angiography data

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Arterial thrombosis is the main instigating factor of heart attacks and strokes, which result in over 14 million deaths worldwide every year. The mechanism of thrombosis involves factors from the blood and the vessel wall, and it also relies strongly on 3D vessel geometry and local blood flow patterns. Microfluidic chipbased vascular models allow controlled in vitro studies of the interaction between vessel wall and blood in thrombosis, but until now, they could not fully recapitulate the 3D geometry and blood flow patterns of real-life healthy or diseased arteries. Here we present a method for fabricating microfluidic chips containing miniaturized vascular structures that closely mimic architectures found in both healthy and stenotic blood vessels. By applying stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing of computed tomography angiography (CTA) data, 3D vessel constructs were produced with diameters of 400 μm, and resolution as low as 25 μm. The 3D-printed templates in turn were used as moulds for polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based soft lithography to create microfluidic chips containing miniaturized replicates of in vivo vessel geometries. By applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling a correlation in terms of flow fields and local wall shear rate was found between the original and miniaturized artery. The walls of the microfluidic chips were coated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) which formed a confluent monolayer as confirmed by confocal fluorescence microscopy. The endothelialised microfluidic devices, with healthy and stenotic geometries, were perfused with human whole blood with fluorescently labeled platelets at physiologically relevant shear rates. After 15 minutes of perfusion the healthy geometries showed no sign of thrombosis, while the stenotic geometries did induce thrombosis at and downstream of the stenotic area. Overall, the novel methodology reported here, overcomes important design limitations found in typical 2Dwafer-based soft lithography microfabrication techniques and shows great potential for controlled studies of the role of 3D vessel geometries and blood flow patterns in arterial thrombosis.

show abstract

Flow Patterns in Carotid Bifurcation Models Using Pulsed Doppler Ultrasound: Effect of Concentric vs. Eccentric Stenosis on Turbulence and Recirculation

Cited by 46 publications

References 45 publications

In Vitro Shear Stress Measurements Using Particle Image Velocimetry in a Family of Carotid Artery Models: Effect of Stenosis Severity, Plaque Eccentricity, and Ulceration

In Vitro Shear Stress Measurements Using Particle Image Velocimetry in a Family of Carotid Artery Models: Effect of Stenosis Severity, Plaque Eccentricity, and Ulceration

Simulation of a pulsatile non-Newtonian flow past a stenosed 2D artery with atherosclerosis

Mimicking arterial thrombosis in a 3D-printed microfluidic in vitro vascular model based on computed tomography angiography data

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About