Flow pattern and residence time of groundwater within the south-eastern Taoudeni sedimentary basin (Burkina Faso, Mali)

Huneau, Frédéric; Dakoure, Denis; Celle-Jeanton, Hélène; Vitvar, Tomáš; Ito, M.; Traoré, Seydou; Compaore, N.F.; Jiráková, Hana; Coustumer, Philippe Le

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.043

Cited by 59 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Previous studies have generally considered a single layer in a multilayered aquifer [40][41][42]. The results of isotopic analysis confirm this hypothesis [43]. Located upstream of a large sedimentary basin, the groundwater flow is SW to NE between 499 m and 286 m.a.s.l., with a gradient of 3‰.…”

Section: Study Areasupporting

confidence: 58%

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Climate Variability and Groundwater Response: A Case Study in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

Tirogo

Jost

Biaou

et al. 2016

Water

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West Africa experiences great climate variability, as shown by the long-lasting drought since the 1970s. The impacts of the drought on surface water resources are well documented but remain less studied regarding groundwater resources. The nexus between climate variability and groundwater level fluctuations is poorly documented in this area. The present study focuses on the large reserve of groundwater held by the Kou catchment, a tributary of Mouhoun river (formerly the Black Volta) in the southwest of Burkina Faso, in the Sudanian region. Analyses were undertaken using climatic time series , two rivers' hydrometric data , and 21 piezometers' time series (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014) applying statistical trend (Mann-Kendall) and break (Pettitt) tests, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis. The analyses showed that rainfall in the area underwent a significant break in 1970 with an 11%-16% deficit between the period before the break and the period after the break that resulted in a deficit three times greater for both surface and base flows. This significant deficit in flow results from the combined effect of a decrease in rainfall and an increase in evapotranspiration. The response of the catchment to the slight increase in rainfall after 1990 was highly dependent on hydrological processes. At Samendéni, on the Mouhoun River, the flow increased with a slight delay as compared to rainfall, because of the slow response of the base flow. Whereas at Nasso on the Kou river, the flow steadily decreased. The analysis showed that the groundwater level responds to rainfall with a delay. Its response time to seasonal fluctuations ranges from 1 to 4 months and its response time to interannual variations exceeds the timescale of one year. This response is highly dependent on the local aquifer's physical characteristics, which could explain the spatial heterogeneity of the groundwater response.

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Section: Study Areasupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Located upstream of a large sedimentary basin, the groundwater flow is SW to NE between 499 m and 286 m.a.s.l., with a gradient of 3‰. The faults play an important role in groundwater recharge and in the resurgence of water at spring locations [37,43].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Variability and Groundwater Response: A Case Study in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

Tirogo

Jost

Biaou

et al. 2016

Water

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“…Although 3 H levels in the atmosphere and precipitation have declined (because of radioactive decay and cessation of atmospheric testing) to the low natural concentrations, groundwater dating has recently been successfully carried out in Sub-Saharan Africa using 3 H (Fantong et al 2010;Dassi 2011;Huneau et al 2011;Ako et al 2012). As reported, groundwater in semi-arid northern Africa (Huneau et al 2011;Lapworth et al 2013), low-latitude of West Africa (Loehnert 1988;Acheampong and Hess 2000;Oga et al 2008;Onugba and Aboh 2009;Ako et al 2012;Lapworth et al 2013), including Cameroon (Njitchoua et al 1997;Ketchemen-Tandia et al 2007;Fantong et al 2010;Ako et al 2012;Kamtchueng et al unpublished data) principally contains post-1952 meteoric recharge waters, suggesting a renewable resource.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallow groundwater recharge mechanism and apparent age in the Ndop plain, northwest Cameroon

et al. 2015

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Knowledge of groundwater recharge and apparent age constitutes a valuable tool for its sustainable management. Accordingly, shallow groundwater (n = 72) in the Ndop plain has been investigated using the stable isotopes of oxygen ( 18 O) and hydrogen ( 2 H or D) and tritium ( 3 H) to determine the recharge process, timing and rate of recharge, and residence time. The shallow groundwater showed low variability in d18 O values (-2.7 to -4.1 %) and 3 H content (2.4-3.1 TU). The low variability suggests a similar origin, homogenous aquifer, good water mixing and storage capacity of the groundwater reservoir. Like surface water, a cluster of groundwater along the Ndop Meteoric Water Line (NMWL) and Global Meteoric Water Line indicates meteoric origin/recharge. The rainfall recharge occurs under low relative humidity conditions and negligible evaporation effect. About 80 % of the recharge is from direct heterogeneous/diffuse local precipitation at low altitude (\1,260 m) within the Ndop plain. Approximately 20 % is from high altitude precipitation (localised recharge) or is recharged by the numerous inflowing streams and rivers from high elevations. A homogenous cluster of d-values in groundwater (and surface water) between May and June monsoon rains on the NMWL suggests dominant recharge during these months. The recharge represents at least 16 % ([251 mm) of the annual rainfall (1,540 mm) indicating high annual recharge; high enough for development of the groundwater resource for agriculture. The 3 H content ([2.4 TU) in groundwater indicates post-1952 recharged water with an estimated residence time \30 years, suggesting short subsurface circulation, and subsequently a renewable aquifer.

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“…Les divers questions soulevées au cours de cette recherche sont les mêmes que celles évoquées dans l'étude des autres grands aquifères sédimentaires du Sahel (Huneau et al 2011, Massuel et al 2011, et plus largement dans les autres zones semi-arides (Scanlon et al 2006). Les vastes dimensions, les caractéristiques hydrodynamiques et la faible recharge actuelle font de ces grands systèmes aquifères des archives conservant les multiples empreintes des phénomènes hydrologiques récents et anciennes (Zuppi et Sacchi 2004).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Modalités de recharge d’un aquifère en zone semi-aride : cas de la nappe du Trarza (Sud-Ouest Mauritanie)

Mohamed

Marlin

Leduc

et al. 2014

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Means of groundwater recharge in a semi-arid area: example of the Trarza aquifer (southwest Mauritania) Abstract The Trarza aquifer extends over about 40 000 km 2 in southwestern Mauritania, between the Senegal River in the south, the Atlantic Ocean in the west and the Mauritanides metamorphic chain in the north and east. The Trarza aquifer lies in Continental Terminal and Quaternary sediments. The field investigations conducted between 2010 and 2012 significantly added to the few older measurements. The hydrodynamic and geochemical approaches showed that in this semi-arid area, the groundwater dynamics is influenced by many environmental changes, past and present (from Quaternary transgressions to the various dams regulating the Senegal River). Groundwater is mainly recharged by lateral infiltration of surface water of the Senegal River, and to a lesser extent, by rainfall infiltration. Groundwater mineralization is controlled by water-rock interactions with silicates and alumino-silicate minerals and is locally influenced by marine water resulting from past Quaternary transgressions. Evaporation strongly affects surface waters before and during their infiltration. Very preliminary calculations suggest an annual recharge of less than or equal to 5% of precipitation, i.e. about 5 to 10 mm.

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Flow pattern and residence time of groundwater within the south-eastern Taoudeni sedimentary basin (Burkina Faso, Mali)

Cited by 59 publications

References 52 publications

Climate Variability and Groundwater Response: A Case Study in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

Climate Variability and Groundwater Response: A Case Study in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

Shallow groundwater recharge mechanism and apparent age in the Ndop plain, northwest Cameroon

Modalités de recharge d’un aquifère en zone semi-aride : cas de la nappe du Trarza (Sud-Ouest Mauritanie)

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