Flow of activation from V1 to frontal cortex in humans

Foxe, John J.; Simpson, Gregory V.

doi:10.1007/s00221-001-0906-7

Cited by 580 publications

(241 citation statements)

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“…8 and 39) is only 20-40 ms. Although activation spreads rapidly to other areas (39,40), and processing in the visual system appears to be faster than traditionally assumed (e.g., refs. 38 and 41), this presumably does not allow enough time for the activity to pass through the various stages See Table 5 legend.…”

Section: N170: Lack Of Emotional Congruence Effect In Structural Encomentioning

confidence: 81%

Rapid perceptual integration of facial expression and emotional body language

Meeren

Heijnsbergen²,

Gelder³

2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

553

467

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In our natural world, a face is usually encountered not as an isolated object but as an integrated part of a whole body. The face and the body both normally contribute in conveying the emotional state of the individual. Here we show that observers judging a facial expression are strongly influenced by emotional body language. Photographs of fearful and angry faces and bodies were used to create face-body compound images, with either matched or mismatched emotional expressions. When face and body convey conflicting emotional information, judgment of facial expression is hampered and becomes biased toward the emotion expressed by the body. Electrical brain activity was recorded from the scalp while subjects attended to the face and judged its emotional expression. An enhancement of the occipital P1 component as early as 115 ms after presentation onset points to the existence of a rapid neural mechanism sensitive to the degree of agreement between simultaneously presented facial and bodily emotional expressions, even when the latter are unattended.emotion communication ͉ event-related potentials ͉ visual perception T he face and the body both normally contribute in conveying the emotional state of the individual. Darwin (1) was the first to describe in detail the specific facial and bodily expressions associated with emotions in animals and humans and regarded these expressions as part of emotion-specific adaptive actions. From this vantage point, face and body are part of an integrated whole. Indeed, in our natural world, faces are usually encountered not as isolated objects but as an integrated part of a whole body. Rapid detection of inconsistencies between them is beneficial when rapid adaptive action is required from the observer. To date, there has been no systematic investigation into how facial expressions and emotional body language interact in human observers, and the underlying neural mechanisms are unknown.Here, we investigate the inf luence of emotional body language on the perception of facial expression. We collected behavioral data and simultaneously measured electrical eventrelated potentials (ERP) from the scalp to explore the time course of neuronal processing with a resolution in the order of milliseconds. We predicted that recognition of facial expressions is inf luenced by concurrently presented emotional body language, and that affective information from the face and the body start to interact rapidly. In view of the important adaptive function of perceiving emotional states and previous findings about rapid recognition of emotional signals, we deemed it unlikely that integrated perception of face-body images results from relatively late and slow semantic processes. We hypothesize that the integration of affective information from a facial expression and the accompanying emotional body language is a mandatory automatic process occurring early in the processing stream, which does not require selective attention, thorough visual analysis of individual features, or conscious deliberate evaluatio...

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Section: N170: Lack Of Emotional Congruence Effect In Structural Encomentioning

confidence: 81%

Rapid perceptual integration of facial expression and emotional body language

Meeren

Heijnsbergen²,

Gelder³

2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

553

467

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The visual N100, that may peak earlier over frontal than posterior regions of the scalp (Ciesielski andFrench, 1989, Mangun andHillyard, 1991;Carretie et al, 2003), indexes an important sensory gating mechanism of attention (Foxe and Simpson, 2002;Luck and Hillyard, 1994), associated with task relevance (Ito and Urland, 2005), that only occurs when an intentional discrimination is required Rugg et al, 1987;Vogel and Luck, 2000). It has been hypothesized that focusing attention on the visual stimuli increases the N100 amplitude and facilitates further perceptual processing of relevant perceptual features (Bigman and Pratt, 2004;Luck et al, 2000;Rugg et al, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attractiveness and affordance shape tools neural coding: Insight from ERPs

Righi

Orlando

Marzi

2014

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. The relation between attractiveness and motor affordance is a key topic in design and has not yet been investigated electrophysiologically. In this respect, action affordance and attractiveness represent two crucial dimensions in object processing (specifically for tools). In light of this evidence, Event Related Potentials (ERPs) enabled us to gain new insights into the time course of the interaction between these two dimensions during an explicit tool evaluation task. Behaviorally, tools that were judged as high affording and high attractive yielded faster response times than those judged as low affording and low attractive. The ERP results showed that early processes related to sensory gating and feature extraction (N100) were sensitive to both affordance and attractiveness; the P200 was dominated by affordance, indexing a facilitated access to motor action representation. The N300, P300 and the Late Positive Potential (LPP) showed enhanced responses for highly affording/attractive tools, reflecting the interconnection between attractiveness and affordance. Later responses were entirely affected by attractiveness, suggesting additional affective responses evoked by desirable tools. We are showing that things that are perceived as more functional and attractive have a privileged neural activation in the time course of tool evaluation, for the first time.

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“…While the exact locus of these effects has not been established yet, evidence suggests that they can take place at an early processing stage (Gilbert & Li, 2013;Schacht et al, 2012), possibly through mechanisms of increased visual salience (Hickey, Chelazzi, & Theeuwes, 2010). At the electrophysiological level, the earliest wave of cortical activation following stimulus onset corresponds to the C1, generated in the calcarine fissure (V1; Foxe & Simpson, 2002;Jeffreys & Axford, 1972;Kelly, Schroeder & Lalor, 2013). While motivational and emotional effects have been reported at this early processing stage (Morel, Beaucousin, Perrin, & George, 2012;Stolarova, Keil & Moratti, 2006), effects of reward and punishment on early sensory processing in human V1 have never been compared at the electrophysiological level when presented within the same task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%