Flow Injection Analysis System Equipped with a Newly Designed Electrochemiluminescent Detector and Its Application for Detection of 2-Thiouracil

Abstract

A new flow injection analysis (FIA) system equipped with an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) detector has been developed and applied for the ECL detection of 2-thiouracil. The FIA-ECL system used a specially designed flow-through ECL thin-layer cell to reduce the dead volume, the IR drop across the cell, and the probability of accumulation of gas bubbles in the cell. It was thus envisioned to improve the detection limit of the FIA-ECL method. After being established, the new FIA-ECL system was used to investigate the ECL response of 2-thiouracil in the presence of the ECL of Ru(bpy)3(2+). It was found that 2-thiouracil could enhance the ECL of Ru(bpy)3(2+) over a wide pH range (pH 4.0-12.0). A highly sensitive method for detection of 2-thiouracil in biological samples was developed by the new FIA-ECL system after optimizing several experimental conditions, such as the applied potential of the working electrode, the pH value of the aqueous solution, the flow rate of carrier solution, and the concentration of Ru(bpy)3(2+).

Determination of thyreostatics in animal feeds by CE with electrochemical detector

“…A lot of methods have been developed for the determination of thyreostatics residue in samples, such as highperformance thin layer chromatography [7], HPLC with ultraviolet (UV) or electrochemical or MS detection [8][9][10], GC with electron-capture or nitrogen-phosphorus or MS detection [11][12][13][14], our recently developed flow-injection analysis equipped with electrochemiluminescent detector [15], electrochemical analysis [16][17][18][19][20] and electrophoresis [21][22][23]. Although GC and HPLC are powerful analytical methods, they suffer from relatively high instrumental cost, use of too much samples and solvents, which may increase environmental burden, and too much time consumption.…”

Determination of Atenolol and Metoprolol by Capillary Electrophoresis with Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Electrochemiluminescence Detection

“…It is possible that the reaction of Ru(bpy)3 3+ and OH -consumed the reactant with increasing pH value, and thus resulted in a decrease of the ECL intensity. 30 …”

“…25 Among the ECL systems, tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Ru(bpy)3 2+ -based ECL is the most valuable in fundamental studies and applications because of its stability and capability of undergoing ECL at room temperature in aqueous solutions and its regenerating during the ECL process. 26 Since the first report of Ru(bpy)3 2+ ECL in 1972, 27 Ru(bpy)3 2+ ECL as a sensitive detection method has been widely used for both analytical and bioanalytical purposes, coupled with flow-injection analysis (FIA), [28][29][30]31 and CE. [32][33][34][35][36] Recently, a great number of papers about the Ru(bpy)3 2+ CE-ECL detection of amines [37][38][39][40][41] and several reviews 24,25,42 have been published.…”

“…Since the first report of Ru(bpy)3 2+ ECL in 1972, 27 Ru(bpy)3 2+ ECL as a sensitive detection method has been widely used for both analytical and bioanalytical purposes, coupled with flow-injection analysis (FIA), [28][29][30]31 and CE. [32][33][34][35][36] Recently, a great number of papers about the Ru(bpy)3 2+ CE-ECL detection of amines 37-41 and several reviews 24,25,42 have been published.…”

Disposable Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrodes for Dual Electrochemiluminescence/Amperometric Detection: Sequential Injection Analysis of Oxalate

“…In conventional ECL cells, the working electrode is fixed and thus the removal for activation or even the change of new electrode is difficult [15]. In our cell design, the fact that both reference and counter electrodes are connected through a capillary hole on the top of the working electrode results in a very small iR drop.…”