Abstract:Production of heavy and extra-heavy crude oils generally entails high costs, especially in the winter season, due to heat losses. This work studies the effect of a flow enhancer (a chemical formulation based on biodiesel and oxidized biodiesel of soy oil) on the viscosity of heavy crude oil from different wells in Northern Mexico. The observed results indicate a non-linear decreasing behavior of viscosity concerning temperature and volume fraction of the viscosity reducer. It is also presented a theore… Show more
“…These materials have been tested to reduce pressure drop in pipelines by decreasing the oil viscosity. [27][28][29] This work aims to contrast the theoretical results reported in previous work 11 and the experimental results concerning the efficiency of the materials to improve the fluid flow through porous media.…”
In this work, the effect of distilled water, a biodiesel viscosity reducer, and a commercial nonionic surfactant on the apparent permeability of clay-sand cores through the analysis of contact angle, linear swelling, and porous media fluid flow for a northern Mexico crude oil was evaluated. The results showed that the clay content influences the contact angle values having a lower wettability effect in the rocky medium. The addition of biodiesel produces a fluid movement similar to the addition of distilled water. Biodiesel-based flow enhancer not only reduces the crude oil viscosity but also improves the flowability through porous media. However, this behavior is only valid if the soil is not saturated with salty water.
“…These materials have been tested to reduce pressure drop in pipelines by decreasing the oil viscosity. [27][28][29] This work aims to contrast the theoretical results reported in previous work 11 and the experimental results concerning the efficiency of the materials to improve the fluid flow through porous media.…”
In this work, the effect of distilled water, a biodiesel viscosity reducer, and a commercial nonionic surfactant on the apparent permeability of clay-sand cores through the analysis of contact angle, linear swelling, and porous media fluid flow for a northern Mexico crude oil was evaluated. The results showed that the clay content influences the contact angle values having a lower wettability effect in the rocky medium. The addition of biodiesel produces a fluid movement similar to the addition of distilled water. Biodiesel-based flow enhancer not only reduces the crude oil viscosity but also improves the flowability through porous media. However, this behavior is only valid if the soil is not saturated with salty water.
“…High values-shear rate gradient produces Newtonian behavior, influenced the rheological properties of crude oil by SDBS. [ 18 ]; reported the effect of a flow improver formulated by biodiesel plus petroleum-derived organic compounds, changing the Northern Mexico extraheavy crude oil. The results indicated a change in the interaction of asphaltenes and epoxidized ester by their polar-nature and interaction with nonpolar compounds with parts of the chemical compounds added and the amphiphilic character.…”
Introduction:
Crude oil is a complex blend of various hydrocarbon families, with compositions
that vary depending on the source well and exploitation duration. To categorize its constituents,
SARA analysis divides them into saturated, aromatic, resins, and asphaltenes. Heavy asphaltene-
rich crude oils can present challenges like viscosity and pipeline blockages, which are often
addressed with viscosity-reducing additives. However, a theoretical framework explaining how these
additives affect crude oil is lacking, relying primarily on empirical observations. To optimize these
additives, it is crucial to understand the underlying chemical and physical processes. This study hypothesizes
that asphaltenic crude oils influence viscosity through colloidal properties linked to molecular
interactions.
Methods:
The research aimed to analyze the impact of sulfur in asphaltenes and oxygen in flow improvers
on the transport properties of an idealized crude oil, with the goal of predicting additive feasibility.
A methodology that combined computational quantum chemistry and statistical thermodynamics
was used. An idealized model of crude oil was created, consisting of non-polar alkanes and
polar asphaltenes with sulfur atoms. A flow improver was simulated with an aromatic-aliphatic structure
containing oxygen and hydroxyl groups, and viscosity was calculated.
Results:
This study assessed the transport properties of the mixture using principles of statistical
thermodynamics. The theoretical insights revealed that reducing viscosity in asphaltene-rich crude
oils with additives depends on several critical factors, including the formation of the dispersed phase,
the reduced viscosity of the additive, and the effects of dilution. The research identified a strong link
between the enhanced effectiveness of these additives and their structural and molecular properties.
Conclusion:
The theoretical results suggest that additives that act as viscosity reducers in asphalt
crudes achieve optimal performance when they possess both higher polarity and reduced viscosity.
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