Flow cytometry with or without cytochemistry for the diagnosis of acute leukemias?

Kheiri, Samir A.; MacKerrell, Thomas; Bonagura, Vincent R.; Fuchs, Alexander; Billett, Henny H.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0320(19980415)34:2<82::aid-cyto4>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…FC has, therefore, gained an important position in the classification of AML (Foon & Todd, 1986; Bene et al , 1998; Borowitz et al , 1993), although the methods for this analysis have not been completely standardized, and data directly comparing EC and FC are surprisingly rare. Indeed, previous studies suggest that FC may be more sensitive than routine EC in detecting MPO in AML, but these results were obtained on very small groups of AML patients [26 patients in Nguyen et al (1998) and 47 patients in Kheiri et al (1998), including 38 AML and nine biphenotypic leukaemias]. These two studies compared the performances of FC and EC based on the analysis of only a few patients of each AML subtype, type 6 and 7 being totally absent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few years ago, the European Group for Immunological Characterization of Leukaemia (EGIL) established guidelines for the classification of leukaemias using flow cytometry (FC), which required a minimum of 10% of the blast cells to be MPO reactive in order to establish their myeloid origin (Bene et al , 1995). To our knowledge, there are limited data in the recent literature comparing the detection of MPO by EC and FC (Kheiri et al , 1998; Nguyen et al , 1998) and the clinical relevance of these two suggested thresholds has not been assessed. We initially had two goals: to confirm FC superiority in the detection of MPO, and to assess what sensibly could be gained by lowering the FC positivity threshold from 10% to 3%.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparison of flow cytometry and enzyme cytochemistry for the detection of myeloperoxydase in acute myeloid leukaemia: interests of a new positivity threshold

et al. 2003

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Following the recommendations of the European Group for the Immunological Characterization of Leukaemias (EGIL) in 1995, few reports have been published comparing enzyme cytochemistry (EC) and flow cytometry (FC) for the detection of myeloperoxydase (MPO) in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The EGIL guidelines defined MPO positivity in FC, by the presence of this enzyme in 10% or more of the blast cells. We studied 136 adult patients with the systematic use of both EC and FC, using a 3% threshold for positivity for EC, and 10% and 3% consecutively for FC. FC was less sensitive than EC using the currently recommended threshold of 10%, but a 3% cut-off showed more sensitivity and was superior to EC. The joint use of both techniques identified 14 discordant patients (positive in FC/negative in EC or vice versa), all of whom displayed at least one poor-prognosis biological factor, which correlated with a mediocre clinical result. In conclusion, we recommend that the cut-off for a positive MPO value should be lowered to 3%, and suggest that the concomitant use of FC and EC is a fast clinically relevant prognostic tool.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of flow cytometry and enzyme cytochemistry for the detection of myeloperoxydase in acute myeloid leukaemia: interests of a new positivity threshold

et al. 2003

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“…One study demonstrated that 89.2% of 39 human AMLs could be assigned a myeloid lineage based on cytochemical staining, but the remaining 11% required immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. 220 In addition, only 2 of 9 biphenotypic (lymphoid and myeloid) leukemias were recognized using cytochemical staining. Most commercially available MAbs are designed for human or murine studies, but validation for use in animals has been initiated 221 and crossreactivity has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Immunophenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of myeloid neoplasms: a comparative review

McManus

2005

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Classification of myeloid neoplasms in veterinary medicine was modeled in the early 1990s after French-American-British and National Cancer Institute systems used in human medicine. Recently our physician counterparts, in collaboration with oncologists, constructed a new World Health Organization (WHO) standard. WHO revisions lower the blast threshold from 30% to 20% for diagnosing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and expand and redefine AML categories. AML is now subdivided into 4 broad groups: 1) AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities, 2) AML with multilineage dysplasia, 3) AML with previous chemotherapy and/or radiation, and 4) AML, not otherwise categorized. AML alphanumeric designations (M1, M2, etc) have been discontinued as numbers of subtypes have increased. The lower blast percentage eliminates one category of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS): refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation. A new MDS category was created: refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (RCMD), with lineage dysplasia assessed using newly defined percentage limits. At least 10% of cells from each of 2 lineages must display atypia for a diagnosis of RCMD. That threshold is 50% for diagnosing AML with multilineage dysplasia. Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia has been removed from the MDS category and included in a new category of diseases that have features of both MDS and chronic leukemia. WHO revisions are a signal to veterinary clinical pathologists to assess the validity of our system, which was built on premises now questioned.

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“…Thus measurement of such circulating apoptotic endothelial cells or cancer cells might provide valuable information for an early evaluation and predication of response to the anti-cancer treatment, increasing the chances of successful treatment. For easy access to circulating apoptotic cancer cells, a mouse model of human leukemia will be used here as a "proof-of-principle" to study the possibility of using "in vivo flow cytometry" in early evaluation and predication of response to anti-cancer treatment [40][41][42][43][44] .…”

Section: Monitoring Cancer Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring circulating apoptotic cells by in-vivo flow cytometry

et al. 2008

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Chemotherapies currently constitute one main venue of cancer treatment. For a large number of adult and elderly patients, however, treatment options are poor. These patients may suffer from disease that is resistant to conventional chemotherapy or may not be candidates for curative therapies because of advanced age or poor medical conditions. To control disease in these patients, new therapies must be developed that are selectively targeted to unique characteristics of tumor cell growth and metastasis. A reliable early evaluation and prediction of response to the chemotherapy is critical to its success. Chemotherapies induce apoptosis in tumor cells and a portion of such apoptotic cancer cells may be present in the circulation. However, the fate of circulating tumor cells is difficult to assess with conventional methods that require blood sampling. We report the in situ measurement of circulating apoptotic cells in live animals using in vivo flow cytometry, a novel method that enables real-time detection and quantification of circulating cells without blood extraction. Apoptotic cells are rapidly cleared from the circulation with a half-life of ~10 minutes. Real-time monitoring of circulating apoptotic cells can be useful for detecting early changes in disease processes, as well as for monitoring response to therapeutic intervention.

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Flow cytometry with or without cytochemistry for the diagnosis of acute leukemias?

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Comparison of flow cytometry and enzyme cytochemistry for the detection of myeloperoxydase in acute myeloid leukaemia: interests of a new positivity threshold

Comparison of flow cytometry and enzyme cytochemistry for the detection of myeloperoxydase in acute myeloid leukaemia: interests of a new positivity threshold

Classification of myeloid neoplasms: a comparative review

Monitoring circulating apoptotic cells by in-vivo flow cytometry

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