Flow cytometry in acute leukemia

Saxena, Renu; Anand, Hema

doi:10.1007/s12288-008-0037-4

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Acute leukemias reflect the pattern of antigen acquisition seen in normal hematopoietic differentiation, yet invariably demonstrate distinct aberrant immunophenotypic features. Detailed understanding of these phenotypic patterns of differentiation, particularly in myeloid leukemia, allows for more precise classification of leukemia than does morphology alone [2]. Multiparameter flowcytometry is a useful adjunct to morphology and cytochemistry and it is an invaluable tool in the diagnosis of AL [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowcytometric Immunophenotypic Profile of Acute Leukemia: Mansoura Experience

Salem

El-Aziz

2011

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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Acute leukemia (AL) displays characteristic patterns of antigen expression, which facilitate their identification and proper classification. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of commonly used immune-markers for immunophenotyping of AL and to define the best immune-markers to be used for proper diagnosis and classification of AL. Besides, to recognize the frequency of different AL subtypes and the antigen expression profile in our Egyptian patients. We retrospectively analyzed the immunophenotypic data of 164 de novo AL patients from our institution during 2009 and 2010. Among these patients, 68.9% were classified as acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) while 31.1% classified as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The commonest FAB subtype in AML group was AML-M4/5 (34.5%) which may differ from most published data. As regard ALL, there were 74.5% with B-ALL and 25.5% with T-ALL. It was found that combined use of HLADR and CD34 was much more helpful in distinguishing APL from non-APL AML than either of these antigens alone. It was found that cCD79a and CD19 were the most sensitive marker for B-ALL while cCD3, CD7 and CD5 were the most sensitive antigens for T-ALL. Our analysis of AL phenotypes proved that employed antibody panels are adequate for proper diagnosis and classification of AL. Flowcytometry was found to be especially useful in the identification of AML-M0 and differentiation of APL from non-APL AML. Immunophenotyping results and FAB classification of our AL patients were comparable to internationally published studies apart from predominance of AML-M4/5 and more frequent APL.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowcytometric Immunophenotypic Profile of Acute Leukemia: Mansoura Experience

Salem

El-Aziz

2011

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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“…Flow cytometry differentiate types of acute leukemia based on precursor cell expression of surface molecule that is called as cluster of differentiation (CD) antigen. Flow cytometry has also great importance in identification of biphenotypic leukemia and identification of unusual co-expression of antigen or abberent expression of CD antigen [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of acute leukemias diagnosed on flow cytometry: Analysis from tertiary care centre from North India

Koju

Sachdeva

Bose

et al. 2015

Ann. Clin. Chem. & Lab. Med.

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BACKGROUND: Acute leukemias (ALs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies with varying clinical, morphologic, immunologic, and molecular characteristics. WHO 2008 classification of ALs require a multi-parametric approach to the diagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the role of flow cytometry in diagnosis and sub-classification of acute leukemias. METHODS: Consecutive patients of adult and paediatric ALs during June 2012 to May 2013 were retrospectively analyzed and studied using BD FACS Canto-II flow cytometer. The results of immunophenotyping were reviewed and analyzed for cross-lineage antigen expression. RESULT: Over a period of year, 422 individuals were diagnosed as AL. There were 287 males and 135 females with M:F = 2.1:1. There were 237 adults & 185 children. 36.3% were AML and 60.4% were ALL, while 3.3% of cases were mixed phenotypic acute leukemia (MPAL). The commonest WHO subtype in AML group was AML with maturation being 31%. In case of ALL there were 83.9% B-ALLs and 16.1% T-ALLs. In MPAL B-Myeloid was 71.4%, whereas T-Myeloid was 28.6% of cases. Both AML and MPAL were more frequently seen in adults accounting to 83% and 92.9% respectively of all ALs cases. In contrast, 62% of ALLs were children and only 38% were adults. Out of all ALs, 37.6% of showed cross lineage antigen expression. In AML, B-ALL and T-ALL cross lineage antigen expression were 26.14%, 39.71% and 82.9% respectively. CONCLUSION: Flow cytometry is useful in diagnosis and sub classification of AL. It is essential in cytochemical myeloperoxidase (MPO) negative cases. Cross- lineage antigen expression is frequent in ALs, and hence, lineage specific intra-cytoplasmic antibodies including anti-MPO and cytoplasmic-CD3 are essential for correct categorization of ALs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/acclm.v1i1.12308 Ann. Clin. Chem. & Lab. Med. 1(1) 2015: 12-15

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“…Blood sample (2 ml) was collected in EDTA vial. Further processing was done using whole blood lyse method8. Test sample was prepared from whole blood/BMA by diluting it with isotone so that a total count of 3 to 5×10 5 cells per tube was obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Side scatter versus CD45 flow cytometric plot can distinguish acute leukaemia subtypes

et al. 2016

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Background & objectives:Flow cytometry is an important tool to diagnose acute leukaemia. Attempts are being made to find the minimal number of antibodies for correctly diagnosing acute leukaemia subtypes. The present study was designed to evaluate the analysis of side scatter (SSC) versus CD45 flow dot plot to distinguish acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), with minimal immunological markers.Methods:One hundred consecutive cases of acute leukaemia were evaluated for blast cluster on SSC versus CD45 plots. The parameters studied included visual shape, CD45 and side scatter expression, continuity with residual granulocytes/lymphocytes/monocytes and ratio of maximum width to maximum height (w/h). The final diagnosis of ALL and AML and their subtypes was made by morphology, cytochemistry and immunophenotyping. Two sample Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann Whitney) test and Kruskal-Wallis equality-of-populations rank tests were applied to elucidate the significance of the above ratios of blast cluster for diagnosis of ALL, AML and their subtypes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated and the optimal cut-offs of the w/h ratio to distinguish between ALL and AML determined.Results:Of the 100 cases, 57 of ALL and 43 cases of AML were diagnosed. The median w/h ratio of blast population was 3.8 for ALL and 1 for AML (P<0.001). ROC had area under curve of 0.9772. The optimal cut-off of the w/h ratio for distinction of ALL from AML was found to be 1.6.Interpretation & conclusions:Our findings suggest that if w/h ratio on SSC versus CD45 plot is less than 1.6, AML may be considered, and if it is more than 1.6, ALL may be diagnosed. Using morphometric analysis of the blast cluster on SSC versus CD45, it was possible to distinguish between ALL and AML, and their subtypes.

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Flow cytometry in acute leukemia

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Flowcytometric Immunophenotypic Profile of Acute Leukemia: Mansoura Experience

Flowcytometric Immunophenotypic Profile of Acute Leukemia: Mansoura Experience

Spectrum of acute leukemias diagnosed on flow cytometry: Analysis from tertiary care centre from North India

Side scatter versus CD45 flow cytometric plot can distinguish acute leukaemia subtypes

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