Flow cytometric measurements of cellular responses in a toxic dinoflagellate, Alexandrium minutum, upon exposure to thermal, chemical and mechanical stresses

Effects of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella on histopathogical and escape responses of the Northern scallop Argopecten purpuratus

“…Few vegetative cells were observed in scallop biodeposits as Alexandrium cells tend to transform into temporary cysts, probably as a protection from adverse conditions (Haberkorn et al, 2011). Similar results have previously been observed in other bivalves fed Alexandrium spp., such as oysters (C. virginica), mussels (M. edulis), clams (Mya arenaria and M. mercenaria), and bay scallops (Argopecten irradians irradians) .…”

Stress‐related Responses in Alexandrium tamarense Cells Exposed to Environmental Changes

“…Comparable gradual and dose‐dependent sequences of events were reported by Haberkorn et al. () for Alexandrium minutum cells exposed to H 2 O 2 , with cellular responses ranging from cyst formation to death without encystment. Formation of cysts has also been observed during H 2 O 2 exposure performed on A. tamarense cells in present work.…”

“…Indeed, amounts of ROS detected during heat shock experiments were correlated with three main sequences of events: (i) (CCMP 1493-28°C) moderate and temporary increase in ROS production; low level of ecdysal cyst formation; cells recovered after 2 d without induction of death or irreversible damage on photosynthesis apparatus; (ii) (CCMP 1493 -32°C) strong and steady increase in ROS production; reduced photosynthetic function; formation of pellicle cysts or death; (iii) (GTM 253 -28°C and 32°C) intense and rapid ROS production; cells were committed to die, skipping cyst formation. Comparable gradual and dosedependent sequences of events were reported by Haberkorn et al (2011) for Alexandrium minutum cells exposed to H 2 O 2 , with cellular responses ranging from cyst formation to death without encystment. Formation of cysts has also been observed during H 2 O 2 exposure performed on A. tamarense cells in present work.…”

Efficacy of EDTA and Phosphorous on Biomass Yield and Total Lipid Accumulation in Two Green Microalgae with Special Emphasis on Neutral Lipid Detection by Flow Cytometry

“…Flow cytometry is considered to be a most promising and powerful technique which enables the analysis of the physiological states of living cells at the single cell level [20]. Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) also can be employed to screen the microalgae from a mixture of cell populations due to the autofluorescence properties of algal native pigments like chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobilins [21][22][23][24]. Flow cytometry in combination with a lipophilic fluorescent probe was applied to screen high lipid containing microalgae for several times [25][26][27].…”

“…Lipid metabolism and production of high neutral and polar lipid in the snow alga Chlamydomonas nivalis were analyzed by flow cytometry under NaCl stress [29]. Various mechanical (freezing, ice cooling, and centrifugation) and chemical (saponin and H 2 O 2 ) stresses were applied to study the lipid metabolism in a toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum by flow cytometry [23]. The reports available on neutral lipid study by flow cytometry were mainly based on light, temperature, CO 2 , and NaCl but no reports were available for the nutrient based synthesis of neutral lipid.…”