Flow Control in Porous Media: From Numerical Analysis to Quantitative μPAD for Ionic Strength Measurements

Mehrdel, Pouya; Khosravi, Hamid; Karimi, Shadi; Martínez, Joan Antoni López; Casals‐Terré, Jasmina

doi:10.3390/s21103328

Cited by 6 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the needs, fluid flow can be controlled by changing nature of the paper substrate and its design by using 2D or 3D fabrication techniques. 25,26 A small change in the rate of fluid flow can lead to erroneous results in these devices. Over the past few years, there have been studies of viscous barriers of various concentrations embedded with a paper channel to control its flow velocity by varying the pore size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow control by circular cavities in lateral flow porous membranes

Jamil,

Abbasi,

Jafry

et al. 2024

Science Progress

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This research explores the flow penetration in porous media by virtue of capillary action and geometric control of the liquid imbibition rate in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) having applications in food quality management, medical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring. We examine changes in flow resistance and membrane geometry, aiming to understand factors influencing capillary penetration rates for various practical applications. We conducted experiments and simulations using lateral porous membranes and altered the flow resistance by changing the liquids or the paper channel geometry by adding cavities. From experiments, it was revealed that by creating a circular cavity in the paper channel, the penetration rate was sufficiently altered. Moreover, increasing the cavity size and type of liquid (w.r.t. viscosity) also caused a decrease in the flow rate. Imbibition rates were also influenced by the position of the cavities in the paper channel. The maximum delay for water was almost 2 times with a 16 mm circular cavity located at 3 cm from strip bottom edge. Overall, we attained a maximum delay in the case of castor oil which was almost 85 times slower than water and 3.7 times slower than olive oil. A good agreement was observed with CFD analysis. We believe that this research would help in developing advance techniques to enhance the flow control strategies in μPADs and indicators.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow control by circular cavities in lateral flow porous membranes

Jamil,

Abbasi,

Jafry

et al. 2024

Science Progress

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“…µPADs can be designed as an important component of instrument‐free, portable detectors. Due to their unique properties, µPADs are ideal for large‐scale point‐of‐care (POC) applications (Krishnan & Syed, 2022) and fulfilled all the criteria of ASSURED law (including affordable, sensitive, specific, user‐friendly, rapid and robust, equipment‐free, and deliverable to end‐customers) (Mehrdel et al, 2021; Puiu & Bala, 2020) and provides sustainable solutions (Kishnani et al, 2022). These characteristics compensate for the common limitations of conventional devices, allowing for the development of ideal POC devices for low‐resource settings (Trinh et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of food μPADs with the new tech perspectives and future prospects

Okutan Arslan,

Trabzon

2023

eFood

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Food microfluidic paper‐based analytical devices (µPADs) are powerful tools to create total analysis systems and have long been demonstrated to be useful for safety and quality applications. Thanks to new technological innovations food µPADs offer exciting new possibilities. This review introduces how µPADs are obtained from chromatography, filter, or office papers and detect analytes from a food sample. We introduce the most current developments in the use of µPADs with an emphasis on paper types, adapted new technologies, and detection limits. Classifications are also made on food µPADs according to applied innovations and adapted novel technologies. In the first section, simple forms of µPADs for the detection of pathogen, mycotoxin, pesticides, and other food components are discussed with technical details. Then, we introduce multisensing approaches for high throughput analysis and a concise summary will be given. In the case of three‐dimensional (3D) µPADs, the use of 3D is discussed and compared to 2D µPADs in terms of its advantageous with the example of a food colorant test device. In the following section, smartphone adoption to µPADs is introduced in detail with eight different assay examples. Centrifugal platform for nickel assay is demonstrated as an enabling approach with shortened assay times by rotational velocity. The potential of user‐friendly hybrid devices is also summarized in the last part. Finally, we present an outlook to underline the opportunities created by smartphone‐based and intelligent µPADs for food safety and quality with real success perspectives

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“…papers. Paper C [128] showed that characteristics such as channel width, inlet branches length and the paper strips length, were vital and therefore equal in all the developed models.…”

Section: Inlet Geometry Analysis In µPad Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the µPAD development study (Paper C [128]) a similar strategy to the previous assay for detection and quantification of ionic concentration was taken. The used reagents and materials are described as follows.…”

Section: µPad Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic platforms: from 3D printing to µPADs for chemical and biological applications

Mehrdel

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Over the past decade, microfluidic technology has proven its capabilities to start bringing detection and quantification capacities to novel miniaturized devices. The current generation of microfluidic platforms provide great precision in detection and quantification. At the same time, they have started to evolve towards self-sufficient (stand-alone) setups. These platforms are relying less and less on external power sources and they use built-in detection and quantification methods to be flexible and mobile. Among the various Lab on a Chip (LOC) applications, micro–Total Analysis Systems (µTAS) and Point of Care Tests (POCT) are the pinnacles of microfluidic platforms. They are accurate, rapid, cost-effective, and user-friendly. They can monitor and measure compounds that were, previously, only detectable in state-of-the-art laboratories. This characteristic is quite important and vital, especially when it comes to human health status monitoring. Therefore, developing POCs and µTASs has been the center of attention for researchers in recent years. To reduce the reliance of microfluidic platforms on external power sources and measuring instruments. There is the need to improve and enhance the microfluidic platforms, not only from the performance point-of-view but also from their manufacturability, to be able to batch produce them at lower costs. Most microfluidic circuits detect or measure a compound and in the first step, they need to label/enhance a reaction, in other words, mix two or more components and then analyze the results based on the readout. This thesis proposes an enhancement of the performance of a key element in most µTAS and POC devices such as the micromixer, with the introduction of a geometrical expansion that increases the diffusion path without increasing the pressure loss. Afterwards, its performance is validated and the design has been used to quantify for the first time on a microfluidic platform the ionic strength of buffered and non-buffered solutions. Finally, and to avoid the need for syringe pumps, in the same quantification strategy, we have introduced paper as a substrate material and optimized the inlet geometry to enhance the performance of the novel microfluidic paper-diffusion-based sensor for ionic strength quantification. The proposed sensor was able to quantify the ionic strength of buffered and non-buffered solutions down to 0.1 M concentrations using Whatman 5 paper substrate. Durante la última década, la tecnología microfluídica ha demostrado sus capacidades para empezar a aportar capacidades de detección y cuantificación a nuevos dispositivos miniaturizados. La generación actual de plataformas microfluídicas proporciona una gran precisión en la detección y cuantificación. Al mismo tiempo, han comenzado a evolucionar hacia configuraciones autosuficientes (independientes). Estas plataformas dependen cada vez menos de fuentes de alimentación externas y utilizan métodos de detección y cuantificación integrados para ser flexibles y móviles. Entre las diversas aplicaciones de Lab on a Chip (LOC), los sistemas de análisis micro-total (µTAS) y las pruebas de punto de cuidados (POCT) son los pináculos de las plataformas microfluídicas. Son precisas, rápidas, rentables y fáciles de usar. Pueden monitorizar y medir compuestos que anteriormente sólo eran detectables en laboratorios de última generación. Esta característica es muy importante y vital, especialmente cuando se trata de la vigilancia del estado de salud humana. Por lo tanto, el desarrollo de POCs y µTASs ha sido el centro de atención para los investigadores en los últimos años. Reducir la dependencia de las plataformas microfluídicas de fuentes de energía externas e instrumentos de medición. Existe la necesidad de mejorar y mejorar las plataformas microfluídicas, no sólo desde el punto de vista del rendimiento, sino también desde su viabilidad de fabricación, para poder fabricarlas por lotes a menores costes. La mayoría de los circuitos microfluídicos detectan o miden un compuesto y, en el primer paso, necesitan etiquetar/mejorar una reacción, es decir, mezclar dos o más componentes y luego analizar los resultados basándose en la lectura. Esta tesis propone una mejora del rendimiento de un elemento clave en la mayoría de los dispositivos µTAS y POC como el micromegador, con la introducción de una expansión geométrica que aumenta la trayectoria de difusión sin aumentar la pérdida de presión. Posteriormente, se valida su rendimiento y se utiliza el diseño para cuantificar por primera vez en una plataforma microfluídica la fuerza iónica de las soluciones tamponadas y no tamponadas. Por último, y para evitar la necesidad de bombas de jeringa, en la misma estrategia de cuantificación, hemos introducido el papel como material sustrato y optimizado la geometría de entrada para mejorar el rendimiento del novedoso sensor microfluídico basado en difusión de papel para la cuantificación de la fuerza iónica. El sensor propuesto fue capaz de cuantificar la resistencia iónica de las soluciones tamponadas y no tamponadas hasta concentraciones de 0,1 M utilizando el sustrato de papel Whatman 5.

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Flow Control in Porous Media: From Numerical Analysis to Quantitative μPAD for Ionic Strength Measurements

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Flow control by circular cavities in lateral flow porous membranes

Flow control by circular cavities in lateral flow porous membranes

Evaluation of food μPADs with the new tech perspectives and future prospects

Microfluidic platforms: from 3D printing to µPADs for chemical and biological applications

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