Flow Behaviors of Polymer Colloids and Curing Resins Affect Pore Diameters and Heights of Periodic Porous Polymer Films to Direct Their Surface and Optical Characteristics

Abstract

Manipulation of both pore diameters and heights of two-dimensional periodic porous polymer films is important to extensively control their characteristics. However, except for using different sized colloid templates in replication methods, an effective method that tunes these factors has rarely been reported. We found that both parameters are controllable by adjusting the flow behaviors of polystyrene colloids and curing resin precursors during the preparation of phenolic resin and poly­(dimethylsiloxane) periodic porous films by embedding their precursors into colloidal crystal monolayers. We adjust the flow behaviors by either varying film preparation temperatures (≥glass transition temperature of polystyrene) or using the precursors mixed with different amounts of solvents that renders the colloids viscous. Consequently, the pore diameters and film heights change by 36–56 and 56–84%, respectively. Such modulation results in the change in height to diameter ratios and the areal fractions of resins at air–film interfaces, thereby significantly changing the water contact angles on these surfaces and their photonic characteristics. This straightforward method does not require additional steps, differently sized colloids, or different amounts of precursors for these parameter controls.