Flow Assurance

Guo, Boyun; Song, Shanhong; Chacko, Jacob; Ghalambor, Ali

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397949-0.00015-7

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The gravity settling mechanism suggests that the wax crystals are would be precipitated to the bottom of the pipelines as the crystals are denser than the oil. However, it appears that the effect is negligible as experimental studies comparing vertical and horizontal fluid flows did not reveal any difference in the deposited wax amount [22]. As soon as the wax crystals are precipitated and suspended in the oil, the wax crystals will behave with Brownian motion.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelling Of Wax Depositionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Since the motion effect is likely to transport the crystals to the area with lower wax concentration, it may have an influence on the wax deposition behavior. However, its effect is generally considered minimal and it is generally neglected during modeling the overall deposition mechanisms [22]. Consequently, the latter three mechanisms are widely not accepted, especially for the computational modeling procedures [22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Mathematical Modelling Of Wax Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and Characterization of Paraffin Wax Formed in Developing Wells and Pipelines

et al. 2019

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Deposition and precipitation of paraffin wax in pipelines are major problems in the production, transfer, storage, and processing of crude oil. To prevent complete clogging, it is necessary to minimize and remove deposited wax in pipelines and tubing. Significant research has been done addressing the mechanisms of wax formation and its composition. In this review, the status of research and perspectives on the occurrence and characterization of the paraffin wax that forms in crude oil developing wells and pipelines has been critically reviewed. Several approaches for detecting paraffin wax and managing wax formation damage during oil recovery were discussed. This review also highlighted the effects of temperature and crude oil type on wax formation.

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Section: Mathematical Modelling Of Wax Depositionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Mathematical Modelling Of Wax Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Characterization of Paraffin Wax Formed in Developing Wells and Pipelines

et al. 2019

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“…Green dashed line indicates the five samples taken on 2013, red dashed line separates the samples taken on 2015 from the sample analyzed in 2017. The reduction in concentration of Ca 2+ and HCO 3 ions observed in Figure 5 could indicate the formation and precipitation of CaCO 3 scale through Equation (3)[40]…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

A Geothermal Plant from a Time-Scale Perspective

2021

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In recent years, geothermal energy use from low-temperature sandstone reservoirs has sharply increased. Nonetheless, the injection of heat-depleted geothermal fluids has not been an easy task because of well/formation damage and operational/economic issues. Sønderborg geothermal plant is a case example of heat-mining from a low-temperature reservoir. It is in the northeast of Sønderborg towards Augustenborg Fjord. The present work takes into consideration the regional and local geology of the Sønderborg area, construction of the wells, field experience and water chemistry. The main issues of the geothermal plant appear to be related to the construction of the wells and reinjection of the heat-depleted brine. Our water chemistry analysis and PHREEQC simulations indicate that geothermal brine was saturated with respect to carbonate and barite minerals. The excess of Ca2+ and SO42− ions could have led to the formation and precipitation of carbonate and sulfate scales. Moreover, the increment of iron concentration over time could suggest the ingress of oxygen and pitting corrosion due to the presence of halide ions.

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“…The gravity settling mechanism assumes that wax crystals will settle to the bottom of pipelines because the crystals are denser than oil. However, this effect appears to be insignificant, since experimental studies comparing vertical and horizontal liquid flows did not reveal differences in the amount of deposited wax [18]. Once the wax crystals are deposited and suspended in the oil, the wax crystals will behave according to the rules of Brownian motion.…”

Section: Approaches To Mathematical Modeling and Mechanisms Of The Wax Deposition Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Current State of Researches of the Deposition of Asphalt-Resinous Substances, Paraffin, and Modeling Methods. Review Part Ii: Wax Deposition

Manafov¹,

Aliyev²,

Rustamova³

et al. 2021

AChJ

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The mechanism of paraffin formation in transport pipes is briefly discussed. A kinetic model of the formation and wax deposition from oil is proposed. Comparison of the model with the available experimental data gave satisfactory results. The review considers software tools for modeling the wax deposition process. It is noted that the simulation results are not always applicable to real field cases. For a more reliable interpretation, the scaling effect must be taken into account. In the work various technologies for wax removal are considered

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Flow Assurance

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Occurrence and Characterization of Paraffin Wax Formed in Developing Wells and Pipelines

Occurrence and Characterization of Paraffin Wax Formed in Developing Wells and Pipelines

A Geothermal Plant from a Time-Scale Perspective

Analysis of the Current State of Researches of the Deposition of Asphalt-Resinous Substances, Paraffin, and Modeling Methods. Review Part Ii: Wax Deposition

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