Flow ability Enhancement of Waxy Crude Oil Using New Spirocompound based on Aromatic Amine System

Abstract

T HIS work was focused on an investigating of flow ability of waxy crude oil by nontraditional polymer compound. For this propose, a spirocompound consisted of benzaldehyede and triethanolamine 6,6'-(((phenylmethylene) bis (oxy)) bis (ethane-2,1-diyl)) bis (2-phenyl-1,3,6dioxazocane) [SB1] was synthesized using zeolite as a catalyst. The chemical structure of the [SB1] was investigated by FT-IR, TGA,GPC, H1NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The rheological behavior and pour point depression of waxy crude oil were also studied different dosages and temperatures. The results showed a significant reduction in the viscosity at different temperatures and dosages. Moreover, it was noticed a decrease in the apparent viscosity and the Bingham yield value for [SB1] 437.7, 367.1, and 307.1 cp and 0.48, 0.39 and 0.31 Pa at 15 ºC, 20 ºC and 30 ºC and concentration 1000 ppm respectively. While the blank experiment displayed 743.1, 694.2 and 607.2 cp and 0.74, 0.69 and 0.60 Pa at the same temperatures. This study included blends between [SB1] and the acrylate based polymers abbreviated as (B1, B2, B3 and B4). Furthermore, the rheological behavior and the pour point for these blends exhibited that the blend [B4] shew more reduction in the apparent viscosity than [SB1] being alone. The apparent viscosity and yield value for [B4] were; 267.8, 249.2 and 212.7 cp and 0.22, 0.11 and 0.09 Pa at 15ºC, 20ºC and 30ºC and concentration 1000 ppm respectively. The pour point depression (Δpp) of [SB1] was 9ºC while the blank pour point was 27 º C and the B4 was achieved the maximum depression in the pour point (Δpp= 18 º C) at a concentration of 1000 ppm. This result means that the addition of [SB1] to [B4] showed the most positive synergistic effect.

Improving heavy oil recovery, part (I): synthesis and surface activity evaluation of some novel organometallic surfactants based on salen–M complexes

“…4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid (0.017 mol, 2.9 g) was dissolved in an adequate amount of water and (0.017 mol, 0.95 g) potassium hydroxide 80 C with stirring for 4 h. The water evaporated, and the remaining potassium 4-aminobenzenesulfonate with a molecular weight of 211.28 was collected as a ne paleyellow powder (yield ¼ 91%, 3.60 g). 17 2.5. Preparation of modied AP-Salen sodium 2-(1-(2-(3formyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)ethoxy)propan-2-yloxy)ethanoate…”

An Experimental Study of Mass Transfer coefficient of CO2 absorption using Different Amines in a Packed Column

“…For this experiment a packed column reactor (PCR) with the liquid phase working in recycling mode was used. The reactor is made of plexiglas with inner diameter (10) cm and the total high of the column was (75) cm. Before introducing the solution of blended amine into packed column reactor, pure and pure air from (compressor) were mixed where the air flow rate was regulated to an appropriate value in the range 80-100 L/h.…”

“…MEA is one of the predominant solvents because of its advantages, such as relatively low material cost, high boiling point power, low viscosity, reusability, quick absorption rate and rich industrial experience, total water solubility and solvency with other amines [7], [8], [9]. That employs TEA aqueous solutions in a hybrid membrane contactor by chemical reaction in one of the contactor chambers, di ethanolamine is the most appropriate secondary amine used both in the laboratory and in industry, thus reducing the regeneration energy required to reuse amine solutions [10], [11]. The findings indicate major changes in CO 2 capture with respect to packed columns that function at room temperature.…”

Studies of synthesized nonionic gemini based on sulfonamide moiety as flow enhancing additive of waxy crude oil

“…Several approaches were attempted to avoid the combination of crystals. As it is the most effective and economical use for the industry, by the introduction of chemical additives, such as PPDs, cold flow (CF) enhancements, paraffin inhibitors (PIs) or wax crystal modifiers (WCMs) [12,13]. Examples of PPD compounds are: olefin-maleic anhydride copolymer (MAC), polyethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and diethanolamine (DEA) [14,15], comb polymer (maleic anhydride copolymer (MAC) and polyacrylate/methacrylate (PA or PMA) ester polymers) [16], nonionic [17] and cationic gemini surfactants [18].…”