Floristic composition, biological spectrum and phenological pattern of vegetation in the subtropical forest of Kotli District, AJK, Pakistan

Amjad, Muhammad; Arshad, Muhammad; Page, Susan; Qureshi, Rahmatullah; Mirza, Sarwat N.

doi:10.19045/bspab.2017.60043

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The predominance of family Rosaceae may also be due to its central distribution from temperate to subtropical of the northern hemisphere. Our results are also comparable with the studies of Ilyas et al & Amjad et al 73 , 74 reporting Poaceae and Ateraceae as the dominant families in Kabal Valley Swat, Valley and subtropical forest of Kotli Azad Kashmir, respectively. It was further observed that these families have characteristics similarities with the vegetation communities of Malakand, Hazara, Kashmir, and Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan, where Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, and Poaceae were reported as the uppermost prominent groups 53 , 75 , 76 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The current study reported that the vegetation at higher altitudes contains typical moist temperate forest species, including Pinus wallichiana , Abies pindrow , Viburnum grandiflorum and Bistorta amplexicaule, which are in close harmony with the assemblage reported in the moist temperate Himalaya 77 , 78 . Among these Pinus walllichiana is the dominant tree in the region under consideration with highest IVI ( 1047), which corroborates with the findings of 74 , 79 from western Himalayan region. The topography and altitude have negative relationship with the vegetation species richness and abundance, which tends to decrease along the altitude.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Vegetation assessments under the influence of environmental variables from the Yakhtangay Hill of the Hindu-Himalayan range, North Western Pakistan

Ullah

Khan

Jaremko

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Vegetation structures and dynamics are the result of interactions between abiotic and biotic factors in an ecosystem. The present study was designed to investigate vegetation structure and species diversity along various environmental variables in the Yakhtangay Hills of the Hindu-Himalayan Mountain Pakistan, by using multivariate statistical analysis. Quadrat quantitative method was used for the sampling of vegetation. PC-ORD version 5 software was used to classify the vegetation into different plants communities using cluster analysis. The results of regression analysis among various edaphic variables shows that soil organic matter, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, CaCO3 and moisture contents shows a significant positive correlation with species abundance, while the soil pH has inverse relationship with plant species abundance. Similarly, species richness increases with increase in soil organic matter, CaCO3 and moisture contents, while decrease with increase in soil pH, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity (p < 0.05). The vegetation was classified into four major plant communities and their respective indicators were identified using indicator species analysis. Indicator species analysis reflects the indicators of the study area are mostly the indicators to the Himalayan or moist temperate ecosystem. These indicators could be considered for micro-habitat conservation and respective ecosystem management plans not only in the study area but also in other region with similar sort of environmental conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Vegetation assessments under the influence of environmental variables from the Yakhtangay Hill of the Hindu-Himalayan range, North Western Pakistan

Ullah

Khan

Jaremko

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…valley, Pakistan. Many researchers have reported Asteraceae as the dominant family from different regions (Verma and Kapoor, 2011;Hussain et al, 2015;Ali et al, 2016;Amjad et al, 2017;Khan et al, 2018;Rahman et al, 2019a). This demonstrates the family's strong capacity for adaptation to a variety of environments and temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Floristic composition, life history traits and phytogeographic distribution of forest vegetation in the Western Himalaya

Haq

Khoja

Lone³

et al. 2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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IntroductionScientific documentation of the qualitative forest vegetation parameters of a biogeographical area provides baseline information to guide conservation strategies and design policies for biodiversity management regulations.MethodsWe present one of the most comprehensive qualitative vegetation analyses to evaluate the entire structure and function of an ecosystem in the remote northern part of the Kashmir Himalaya, India. Several multivariate ecological community analyses were conducted after determining the presence of plant species in the various habitats using a random sampling technique.ResultsIn total, 155 plant species belonging to 120 genera and 49 families occurred in the area. Asteraceae was the largest family (12% of plant species) followed by Rosaceae (11%). The patterns of species distribution across families were uneven, with 50% of the species belonging to only 7 families, and 23 families being monotypic. In terms of functional groups, the herbaceous growth form dominated. Therophytes were the dominant life form, indicating that the vegetation was disturbed. According to the phytogeographical research, 65% of the species documented in the study area were native, 15% were invasive, 14% naturalized, and 5% being casual. The majority (30%) of exotic species were reported along roadsides. Of all the species found, 39% grew in their natural habitats, such as forests, and 11% were scattered along roadsides. Plant species were grouped in five different clusters based on their floristic similarity. According to the estimated diversity indices, natural forest has the greatest values for Shannon’s and Simpson’s index. We found that the study area serves as the natural habitat for several significant, endangered medicinal plants, including Arnebia benthamii, Bergenia ciliata, Delphinium roylei, Gentiana kurroo, Phytolacca acinosa, Saussurea costus, and Trillium govanianum. Therefore, we recommend that human intervention in natural regeneration efforts be prioritized in these habitats to increase the population of these species.ConclusionExamining species features from the perspective of functional groups contributes to our understanding of the ecological aspects of the flora. It may also be useful in developing management plans to ensure long-term management of forest landscapes in this remote Himalayan region.

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“…The total number of wild and cultivated plants species found in any geographical area is called the floristic composition. Floristic study provides baseline information for further detailed taxonomical and ecological research and planning for sustainable management and conservation of plants resources [25]. The flora of Sultan Khail valley is found to be diverse as compared to other areas [16,17,26,27] and homed to 332 species belonging to 234 genera and 96 families.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants Profile of Sultan Khail Valley, Hindukush Range of Pakistan: Floristic Composition, Biological Spectrum and Its Seasonal Variation

Rahman,

Akhtar

2023

Preprint

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The present study was conducted to explore the floristic composition, life form, and leaf size spectrum of vegetation, seasonality, and habitat condition of the Sultan Khail valley, Hindu Kush range, Pakistan. Regular trips were arranged during 2017–2019 to collect plant specimens and prepare a checklist of the flora of the area. The life form and leaf size spectrum of vegetation were determined. The plant species were also classified based on their habitat. The area is home to 332 species belonging to 234 genera and 96 families. Asteraceae (32 species) was the dominant family in the area, followed by Rosaceae (28 species) and Lamiaceae (21 species). Therophytes were found to be dominant in the area, followed by phanerophytes, while microphylls were the dominant leaf size class, followed by nanophylls. Seasonal variation in life forms showed that the spring, autumn, and winter seasons' flora was dominated by phanerophytes, while therophytes were dominant in the summer season. Seasonal variation in leaf size spectra showed that microphylls were dominant in the spring and summer, while in the autumn and winter seasons, nanophylls were dominant. The highest numbers of species were found in dry places, followed by forests. The flora of the study area is diverse. The habitat condition of the area is dry. The area's phytoclimate is thero-phanerophytic. The flora of the area is subjected to severe anthropogenic stress and needs proper conservation.

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Floristic composition, biological spectrum and phenological pattern of vegetation in the subtropical forest of Kotli District, AJK, Pakistan

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Vegetation assessments under the influence of environmental variables from the Yakhtangay Hill of the Hindu-Himalayan range, North Western Pakistan

Vegetation assessments under the influence of environmental variables from the Yakhtangay Hill of the Hindu-Himalayan range, North Western Pakistan

Floristic composition, life history traits and phytogeographic distribution of forest vegetation in the Western Himalaya

Plants Profile of Sultan Khail Valley, Hindukush Range of Pakistan: Floristic Composition, Biological Spectrum and Its Seasonal Variation

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