Floristic composition and ecological gradient analyses of the Liakot Forests in the Kalam region of District Swat, Pakistan

Anwar, Sohail; Khan, Shujaul Mulk; Ahmad, Zeeshan; Ullah, Zahid; Iqbal, Majid

doi:10.1007/s11676-019-00919-8

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The vegetation structure, dynamics and distribution pattern are significantly influenced by environmental factors within and among ecosystems 71 . The present study reported 114 plant species, with maximum number of Rosaceae family, followed by Poaceae and Asteraceae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation assessments under the influence of environmental variables from the Yakhtangay Hill of the Hindu-Himalayan range, North Western Pakistan

Ullah

Khan

Jaremko

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Vegetation structures and dynamics are the result of interactions between abiotic and biotic factors in an ecosystem. The present study was designed to investigate vegetation structure and species diversity along various environmental variables in the Yakhtangay Hills of the Hindu-Himalayan Mountain Pakistan, by using multivariate statistical analysis. Quadrat quantitative method was used for the sampling of vegetation. PC-ORD version 5 software was used to classify the vegetation into different plants communities using cluster analysis. The results of regression analysis among various edaphic variables shows that soil organic matter, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, CaCO3 and moisture contents shows a significant positive correlation with species abundance, while the soil pH has inverse relationship with plant species abundance. Similarly, species richness increases with increase in soil organic matter, CaCO3 and moisture contents, while decrease with increase in soil pH, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity (p < 0.05). The vegetation was classified into four major plant communities and their respective indicators were identified using indicator species analysis. Indicator species analysis reflects the indicators of the study area are mostly the indicators to the Himalayan or moist temperate ecosystem. These indicators could be considered for micro-habitat conservation and respective ecosystem management plans not only in the study area but also in other region with similar sort of environmental conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation assessments under the influence of environmental variables from the Yakhtangay Hill of the Hindu-Himalayan range, North Western Pakistan

Ullah

Khan

Jaremko

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…The habitat delineation revealed a diverse assemblage comprising 69 plant species, comprising 10 arboreal species, 35 shrubs, 18 herbaceous varieties, and 6 grass species, collectively shaping the ecological tapestry within the studied habitat. However, it’s noteworthy that a similar methodology was employed by [ 23 ], revealing 159 herb species, 21 shrub species, and 15 tree species identified based on behavioral observations. According to the findings, they avoid regions near roads and human settlements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat suitability modelling of Koklass pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha) in moist temperate forest

Badrulislam,

Khan,

Khalil

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The decreasing status of on IUCN of Koklass pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha) belongs to the family Phasianidae and the order Galliform needs the attention of researchers. The species with habitats as low as 6,000 feet and as high as 11,000 feet certainly cover a broad variety of habitats, such a wide altitude range embraces a diverse range of habitats. Insufficient research has been conducted on the suitability of moist temperate forests as a potential habitat for the Koklass pheasant. Therefore, this study was carried out to explore habitat suitability in 15 different sites which were located in the 4 districts of Hazara Division using GIS data science and environmental variables. A random sampling technique was used for laying out the transect. Overall, 45 line transects (Length 2–4 km, Width 10–30 m) were laid out in study sites. The size of sample plots for trees was 10x10m, for shrubs (4 x4m), and herbs and grasses 1x1m. The other habitat parameters like elevation, slope, cover, and frequency of plant at each point were also considered. We found the uneven distribution of Koklass pheasant in the Hazara Division. There were 59 occurrence points identified and highlighted the distribution of Koklass pheasant in the study area. Although all environmental variables were preferred by Koklass pheasant in its habitat statistical analysis proved that slope, level of disturbance, tree and shrub frequency of habitat contributed mostly to the presence of Koklass in each study site except the contribution of soil and herbs. The potential suitable habitat of Koklass pheasant was estimated to be 439.6 km2 areas starting from Abbottabad to Mansehra in the Hazara division. Awareness and enforcing legal protection are recommended for the conservation of Koklass Pheasant in Moist temperate forest.

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“…Environmental factors, such as climate and soil type, enhance vegetation classifications around the world (Anwar et al., 2019; Enright et al., 2005; Gentry, 1988; Hahs et al., 1999; Toledo et al., 2011; Zhu et al., 2019). Considering climatic information when classifying vegetation increases accuracy compared with methods that use vegetation attributes alone (Pan et al., 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the adequacy of an aggregated vegetation classification: A test in semi‐arid Australia

McIntosh,

Verdon,

Radford

et al. 2023

Austral Ecology

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Vegetation classifications are a valuable tool for guiding management decisions. Vegetation can be classified at different levels of resolution for different purposes. Aggregating finer‐resolution classification units to simplify planning and decision‐making is becoming more common in land management. However, little is known about which resolution or scale of aggregation is appropriate for specific land management practices and the factors to consider when aggregating vegetation classification units. There is a risk that aggregated classification units may overlook vital floristic and structural differences between communities and not accurately represent the patterns of variation in vegetation. This may lead to unanticipated adverse outcomes from management actions. We compared three classification systems to test how well each represented patterns of variation in the vegetation of a semi‐arid region in Victoria, Australia: (a) a finer‐level classification system; (b) a coarser‐resolution system that aggregated finer compositional resolution units for fire management purposes; and (c) a coarser‐resolution classification based on Climate Zones. We conducted floristic and vegetation structure surveys at 249 sites stratified across a climate gradient. Sites were assigned to vegetation classifications based on mapped data layers and checked by ground truthing prior to inclusion. The classification based on a finer compositional resolution best represented variation in both the floristic and structural patterns of the vegetation across this region. This was not unexpected, because accuracy is traded‐off against simplicity when aggregating vegetation classification units. However, the aggregated classification also performed poorly in representing patterns of vegetation when compared with a simple scheme based on Climate Zones. Assessing the adequacy of aggregated vegetation classification units is important, yet often overlooked. To be effective, aggregated vegetation classes must reflect the underlying factors that drive patterns of variation in the vegetation to ensure they support intended management outcomes.

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Floristic composition and ecological gradient analyses of the Liakot Forests in the Kalam region of District Swat, Pakistan

Cited by 33 publications

References 36 publications

Vegetation assessments under the influence of environmental variables from the Yakhtangay Hill of the Hindu-Himalayan range, North Western Pakistan

Vegetation assessments under the influence of environmental variables from the Yakhtangay Hill of the Hindu-Himalayan range, North Western Pakistan

Habitat suitability modelling of Koklass pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha) in moist temperate forest

Assessing the adequacy of an aggregated vegetation classification: A test in semi‐arid Australia

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