floricaula: A homeotic gene required for flower development in antirrhinum majus

Coen, Enrico; Romero, Javier; Doyle, Sandra; Elliott, Robert C.; Murphy, George J.; Carpenter, Rosemary

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90426-f

Cited by 783 publications

(593 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Functional domains of MADS box genes including DEF are well characterized (e.g., Reichman and Meyerowitz 1997) including the MADS, I, K, and C-terminus regions; for analyses we treated the DNA binding domain (MADS) as distinct from other regions (I, K, and C-terminus). Functional domains of FLO are not as well characterized, but FLO is a transcription factor (Coen et al 1990) and the highly conserved C-terminus region of the Arabidopsis thaliana ortholog LFY is reported to bind DNA (Gocal et al 2001) and has been suggested to constitute the DNA binding domain (Bomblies et al 2003). For our analyses we treated the putative DNA binding domain as distinct from the N-terminus region of FLO.…”

Section: Codon Substitution Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We propose a nomenclature for these newly cloned FLO homologs as in that reflects the precedence of Antirrhinum majus FLO (Coen et al 1990) with coorthologs further delineated as FLOA and FLOB ( Fig. 1; Supplementary Table S1).…”

Section: Lfy/flo-and Ap3/def-like Genes In Phrymaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, because these hypotheses predict retention of paralogs in an undifferentiated state and we see divergence between functional domains of DEFA/B, it is unlikely that they have contributed significantly to their preservation in Lamiales. Similarly, although dosage effects are seen for transcription factors (Birchler et al 2001), dosage seems an unlikely explanation for LFY/FLO, which can regulate floral induction at very low levels (Coen et al 1990;Weigel et al 1992), because of partial redundancy with another floral regulatory gene (SQUA/ AP1 [Zik and Irish 2003]) and because of divergence within the DNA binding domain.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Duplicate Gene Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include co-orthologs of the floral meristem identity gene FLO (Coen et al 1990) and floral homeotic MADS box gene DEF (Sommer et al 1990) from the model Lamiales species Antirrhinum majus. Orthologs of FLO and DEF from A. thaliana (LFY and AP3, respectively [Weigel et al 1992;Jack et al 1992]) carry out similar functions in the floral regulatory pathway as in A. majus, where LFY/FLO positively regulates the expression of the downstream gene AP3/DEF (Ingram et al 1997;Weigel and Meyerowitz 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relaxed Selection Among Duplicate Floral Regulatory Genes in Lamiales

2006

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Abstract. Polyploidization is a prevalent mode of genome diversification within plants. Most gene duplicates arising from polyploidization (paralogs) are typically lost, although a subset may be maintained under selection due to dosage, partitioning of gene function, or acquisition of novel functions. Because they experience selection in the presence of other duplicate loci across the genome, interactions among genes may also play a significant role in the maintenance of paralogs resulting from polyploidization. Previously, we identified duplicates of the genes LFY/FLO and AP3/DEF that directly interact in a floral regulatory pathway and are thought to be the result of ancient polyploidization in the Lamiales (> 50 mya). Although duplicates of MADS box genes including AP3/DEF are common throughout the angiosperm lineage, LFY/FLO duplicates in Lamiales are the first reported outside of tetraploid taxa. In order to explore hypotheses for the joint preservation of these interacting floral regulatory genes including novel LFY/FLO paralogs, here we clone FLO and DEF duplicates from additional Lamiales taxa and apply codon substitution models to test how selection acts on both genes following duplication. We find acceleration in the ratio of nonsynonymous-to-synonymous nucleotide substitutions for one (FLO) or both (DEF) paralogs that appears to be due to relaxed purifying selection as opposed to positive selection and shows a different pattern among functional domains of these genes. Several mechanisms are discussed that might be responsible for preservation of co-orthologs of FLO and DEF in Lamiales, including interactions among the genes of this regulatory pathway.

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Section: Codon Substitution Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lfy/flo-and Ap3/def-like Genes In Phrymaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms Of Duplicate Gene Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relaxed Selection Among Duplicate Floral Regulatory Genes in Lamiales

2006

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“…majus and Zea mays (see e.g. Coen et al, 1990;Federoff et al, 1984;Goodrich et al, 1992;Martienssen et al, 1989;Martin et aL, 1985;O'Reilly et al, 1985;Theres et al, 1987; for a review see Walbot, 1992). Usually tagged genes are cloned after one copy of the transposon could be linked to the mutation on Southern blots probed with the transposable element (Martienssen et al, 1989;Theres et al, 1987;Walbot, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A general method to isolate genes tagged by a high copy number transposable element

et al. 1995

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SummaryThe Petunia hybrida line W138 contains more than 200 copies of the transposable element dTphl. In W138 progeny these elements give rise to new unstable mutations at high frequency. With the aim of isolating these mutated genes a method was developed to isolate dTphl flanking sequences unique for mutant plants. This method is based on differential screening of cloned inverse polymerese chain reaction (IPCR) products originating from the mutated plant. It directly yields e probe for the mutated gene which can be used to screen pre-existing cDNA and genomic libraries. This method may be generally applicable to isolate genes tagged by other high copy number transposable elements, like Mutator (Mu) or Dissociation (Ds) in Zea mays.

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