Floral development and anatomy of pistillate flowers of Lophophytum (Balanophoraceae), with special reference to the embryo sac inversion

Sato, Héctor Arnaldo; González, Ana María

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2016.01.002

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…is definitely one of the most unusual eudicot families. Indeed, its genera are characterised by aberrant vegetative bodies [4,13,27], highly reduced flowers [2,12,28], inversion and aggressiveness of the ES [15], irregular embryogenesis and small and reduced embryos [2,16,28,29]. This study focused on H. cayennensis , a monoecious species with endogenously developed inflorescences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is also characterised by reductions. Notably, genera display a series of reductions at the ovule level, ranging from ategmic ovules to undifferentiated structures with a diffuse limit between the nucellus and placenta (see Sato [15] and Table 1). Such undifferentiated structures also occur in other Santalales such Schopfiaceae, Misodendraceae and Loranthaceae (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the hypothetical series of sequential fusion and reductions within the female flowers of Santalales [15], gynoecium ontogeny was studied in only three genera of Balanaphoraceae s.str. : Balanophora , Helosis and Lophophytum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study focuses on H. cayennensis , as part of a broader project lead by the first author on the embryology of traditionally circumscribed Balanophoraceae (hereafter referred to as Balanophoraceae s.l.) [12,13,14,15,16]. The species was found in 2006 ([17] fontana), growing in a single spot of about 15 m 2 in a mesophyll forest of Argentina, where the only evidence of its presence was the appearance of numerous inflorescences at various developmental stages, from barely visible buds hidden in the forest mulch to open mature inflorescences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Embryology in Helosis cayennensis (Balanophoraceae): Structure of Female Flowers, Fruit, Endosperm and Embryo

González

Sato

Marazzi³

2019

Plants

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Helosis cayennensis (Balanophoraceae s.str.) is a holoparasite characterised by aberrant vegetative bodies and tiny, reduced unisexual flowers. Here, we analysed the development of female flowers to elucidate their morpho-anatomy and the historical controversy on embryo sac formation. We also studied the developmental origin of inflorescences and the ontogeny of fruits, embryo and endosperm and discussed in a phylogenetic framework. Inflorescences were analysed by optical, fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. Inflorescences of H. cayennensis arise endogenously. Female flowers lack perianth organs, thus only consist of the ovary, two styles and stigmata. Ovules are undifferentiated; two megaspore mother cells develop inside a nucellar complex. The female gametophyte, named Helosis-type, is a bisporic four-celled embryo sac, provided with a typical egg apparatus and a uni-nucleated central cell. Fertilization was not observed, yet a few-celled embryo and cellular endosperm developed. In sum, results confirm that, among Santalales holoparasites, Helosis is intermediate in the reduction series of its floral organs. Although perianth absence best supports the Balanophoraceae s.str. clade, our literature survey on female flower developmental data across Balanophoraceae s.l. highlights the many gaps that need to be filled to really understand these features in the light of new phylogenetic relationships.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Embryology in Helosis cayennensis (Balanophoraceae): Structure of Female Flowers, Fruit, Endosperm and Embryo

González

Sato

Marazzi³

2019

Plants

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“…In Brazil, seven species of this family have been described (Cardoso 2014), including parasites of different taxonomic and functional groups of hosts, including shrubs, herbs and especially trees (Hansen 1972;1980;Souza & Lorenzi 2008). Detailed information about Balanophoraceae species are limited, as their aboveground reproductive structures last for short periods of time (Hansen 1972;Hansen 1980;Souza & Lorenzi 2008;Sato & Gonzalez 2016). Flowering and fruiting in the Balanophoraceae are seasonal, occurring in dry periods, potentially serving as alternative food sources for fauna in periods of scarcity (Freitas et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root parasitism by Scybalium fungiforme Schott & Endl. is not random among host species in seasonal tropical forest

et al. 2020

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Though they comprise 1 % of plant species on the planet, plant parasites are poorly known. They have been considered a threat to cultivated plants and to the conservation of host species in natural areas. Due to the complex interactions they have with their hosts, understanding their biology is fundamental to the development of conservation strategies for both parasite species and their hosts. We sampled two populations of the root parasite Scybalium fungiforme (Balanophoraceae) in seasonal tropical forest fragments to identify its host species and their functional attributes. Among the hosts, Croton floribundus seems to be preferred (68 % of parasitized plants), while four liana species were complementary hosts (32 %). Host species preference differed sharply among fragments and seems to be related to the successional stage of these forests. The hosts C. floribundus and the four liana species are perennial, fast growing and have large vessels, all of which are attributes that enable high water and nutrient acquisition efficiency. Despite a lack of clear host specificity at the species level, functional convergence among parasitized species suggests that host specificity is mediated by functional traits.

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Megasporogenesis, megagametogenesis and embryogenesis of Liparis elliptica (Orchidaceae), with special note to the development of unique unitegmal ovule

Ryabchenko,

Kolomeitseva,

Babosha

et al. 2023

Protoplasma

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Floral development and anatomy of pistillate flowers of Lophophytum (Balanophoraceae), with special reference to the embryo sac inversion

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Embryology in Helosis cayennensis (Balanophoraceae): Structure of Female Flowers, Fruit, Endosperm and Embryo

Embryology in Helosis cayennensis (Balanophoraceae): Structure of Female Flowers, Fruit, Endosperm and Embryo

Root parasitism by Scybalium fungiforme Schott & Endl. is not random among host species in seasonal tropical forest

Megasporogenesis, megagametogenesis and embryogenesis of Liparis elliptica (Orchidaceae), with special note to the development of unique unitegmal ovule

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