Floral Architecture: Regulation and Diversity of Floral Shape and Pattern

Kramer, Elena M.

doi:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0167

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 161 publications

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“…These genes act in similar ways in other plant species. In the close relative of Antirrhinum , Mohavea confertiflora (the desert flower), the corolla shape has shifted with a superficial radial symmetry, due to alterations in CYC and DICH expression [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Orthologues of CYC have also been described in other floral species, such as the toadflax flower ( Linaria ) [ 32 ], and to be key to shifts in symmetry in Proteaceae , a basal eudicot family with high amounts of variation in symmetry [ 33 ].…”

Section: Symmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Organ’ising Floral Organ Development

Maio,

Moubayidin

2024

Plants

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Flowers are plant structures characteristic of the phylum Angiosperms composed of organs thought to have emerged from homologous structures to leaves in order to specialize in a distinctive function: reproduction. Symmetric shapes, colours, and scents all play important functional roles in flower biology. The evolution of flower symmetry and the morphology of individual flower parts (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels) has significantly contributed to the diversity of reproductive strategies across flowering plant species. This diversity facilitates attractiveness for pollination, protection of gametes, efficient fertilization, and seed production. Symmetry, the establishment of body axes, and fate determination are tightly linked. The complex genetic networks underlying the establishment of organ, tissue, and cellular identity, as well as the growth regulators acting across the body axes, are steadily being elucidated in the field. In this review, we summarise the wealth of research already at our fingertips to begin weaving together how separate processes involved in specifying organ identity within the flower may interact, providing a functional perspective on how identity determination and axial regulation may be coordinated to inform symmetrical floral organ structures.

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