Flora of the phytogeographical plot “Central Asia” in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Abstract

For the first time, a complete inventory and analysis of the taxonomic composition of the flora of the phytogeographic plot “Central Asia” in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine were conducted. The plot “Central Asia” was established in 1953 for the directed introduction and naturalization of plants from Central Asia. Over 1,000 plant species have been tested here during all this time, which indicates a large amount of experimental work. The structure of the flora on the study plot has certain features of the flora of Central Asia. According to the inventory results, 308 valid taxa (species and subspecies) of higher vascular plants from 168 genera and 66 families have been recorded on the plot. Of these, 183 taxa belong to the natural flora of Central Asia. The structure of the flora of plants on the study plot has certain features of the flora of Central Asia. However, in the conditions of Kyiv, the plants of Central Asian flora requiring more temperate habitats (e.g., plants originated from northern steppes, valley and lowland forests) have taken root best. The geographical structure of the flora of the plot is dominated by ergasiophytes with Central Asian (25.0 %), Eurasian and Paleoarctic (together 34.2 %), and sub-Mediterranean (10.9 %) types of ranges. From this number, 42 species of ergasiophytes are endemic to Central Asia. The biomorphological structure of the flora of the plot is dominated by perennials (47.3 %), and the share of woody plants is 26.4 %. According to Raunkiaer’s classification of life forms, hemicryptophytes (28.4 %), phanerophytes and cryptophytes (25.1 % each) predominate on the plot. In the conditions of Kyiv, phanerophytes from mountainous regions appeared to be the most resistant plants. While among ergasiophytes of Central Asian origin, plants growing in forests, steppes, shrubs, and edges appeared the most represented. Among the ergasiophytes growing on the plot “Central Asia”, 24 species are listed in the red books of Central Asian countries. Currently, there are some problems related to the state of phytocoenoses on the phytogeographical plot “Central Asia” and its flora in general (e.g., death of many ergasiophytes of Central Asian origin due to inconsistency of climatic conditions, expansion of invasive organisms, growing anthropogenic load, etc.) However, thanks to the large-scale introductory work, the collection of plants on the plot has a unique composition and remains one of the most attractive decorations of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden.

Spontaneous flora of O.V. Fomin Botanical Garden of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine

“…The level of adventization of the Garden's flora is 46.3% (its current composition is 47.9%). This level indicates the predominance of the anthropic factor in the formation of the composition of the spontaneous flora over the natural one (SHYNDER, 2019b). It should be noted that the adventitia indicators obtained by us exceed the previously given ratio, which is about 35.4% (GUBAR & YAKUSHENKO, 2009).…”

“…friesianus, Tradescantia × andersoniana. The level of species richness of the Botanical Garden seems to be quite high, compared to other commensurate institutions of equal size (SHYNDER, 2019b). In general, landscape monotony doesn't contribute to taxonomic representativeness, but the study of spontaneous flora since the XIX century, allowed us to study its composition in detail.…”

“…In other scientific centers of plant introduction and acclimatization in Eastern Europe, this indicator is very different and depends on many factors, for example, in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden the level of adventization is 40.9% (SHYNDER, 2019b) According to the spectrum of leading families (Table 2), the native flora of the Botanical Garden belongs to the Rosaceae type, which is typical of Central and Northern Europe and the positions of the «boreal» family Cyperaceae and the «arid-Eurasian» family Fabaceae are lower. Such a family spectrum is inherent in the flora of broadly deciduous forest regions (KHOKHRYAKOV, 2000).…”

New floristic records in Kyiv City and its environs

“…Цей вид був наведений для урбанофлори Києва порівняно нещодавно, але нині відомий вже із цілої низки місцезнаходжень, зокрема Голосіївського лісу (Parnikoza et al, 2008;Olshanskyi, 2020), Конча-Заспи (Lyubchenko, 1987;Hrechyshkina, 2010) та ботанічного заказника "Лісники" (Didukh, Chumak, 1992;Pryadko, Arap, 2010). В окремих лісових масивах Києва популяції A. ursinum є інтродукційними (Pryadko, Arap, 2010), також вид цілком натуралізувався в НБС (Shynder, 2018(Shynder, , 2019. Ще одним осередком трапляння A. ursinum у регіоні дослідження є поліські локалітети біля міста Буча, селища Гостомель та с. Клавдієво-Тарасове Бучанського району (Semenkevych, 1926;Flora…,1950;Udra, Vavrysh.…”

Analysis of the Structure of Flora of Artificial Phytocoenosis and Assessment of its Competitiveness against Invasion of Alien Plants and their Suitability for the Creation Introduction Populations of Rare Species of the Caucasian Flora

“…Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG). Information on the species composition of the collection in the plot "Caucasus", the structure of individual exposition sections, as well as rare plant species in the collection and introductory populations, have already been given earlier (Didenko, 2016;Didenko, 2018;Shynder, 2015Shynder, , 2019.…”