Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Vochysiaceae

Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki; Yamamoto, Kinyo

doi:10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v30i1p57-61

Cited by 7 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We used as a model the plant Vochysia elliptica Mart. (Vochysiaceae), one of the most abundant small trees in Serra do Cipó (Shimizu & Yamamoto, ). This species lacks EFNs and other secretory structures unrelated to pollination (Stafleu, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar quality affects ant aggressiveness and biotic defense provided to plants

et al. 2019

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Ant–plant mutualisms are useful models for investigating how plant traits mediate interspecific interactions. As plant‐derived resources are essential components of ant diets, plants that offer more nutritious food to ants should be better defended in return, as a result of more aggressive behavior toward natural enemies. We tested this hypothesis in a field experiment by adding artificial nectaries to individuals of the species Vochysia elliptica (Vochysiaceae). Ants were offered one of four liquid foods of different nutritional quality: amino acids, sugar, sugar + amino acids, and water (control). We used live termites (Nasutitermes coxipoensis) as herbivore competitors and observed ant behavior toward them. In 88 hr of observations, we recorded 1,009 interactions with artificial nectaries involving 1,923 individual ants of 26 species. We recorded 381 encounters between ants and termites, of which 38% led to attack. Sixty‐one percent of these attacks led to termite exclusion from the plants. Recruitment and patrolling were highest when ants fed upon nectaries providing sugar + amino acids, the most nutritious food. This increase in recruitment and patrolling led to higher encounter rates between ants and termites, more frequent attacks, and faster and more complete termite removal. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that plant biotic defense is mediated by resource quality. We highlight the importance of qualitative differences in nectar composition for the outcome of ant–plant interactions. Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar quality affects ant aggressiveness and biotic defense provided to plants

et al. 2019

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“…The region is markedly seasonal, with rainy summers and dry winters, and an average annual rainfall of 1450 mm (Alvares et al 2013). Our experiment was carried out along a 3-km-long trail, locally known as Capão dos Palmitos (19°20'57.78'' S,43°37'00.46'' W and 19°21'59.08'' S,43°37'12.78'' W, (Shimizu & Yamamoto 2012). This species lacks extrafloral nectaries and other secretory structures unrelated to pollination (Stafleu 1948).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2019

Biotropica

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An excellent model to investigate how biological attributes of species affect interaction outcomes are plants bearing extrafloral nectaries and the ants that feed at them. As plant-provided resources are essential components of ant diets, plants that offer more nutritious food to ants should be better defended in return, as a result of more aggressive behavior towards natural enemies. We tested this hypothesis in a field experiment by adding artificial nectaries to individual plants of the species Vochysia elliptica (Vochysiaceae). Ants were offered one of four liquid foods of different nutritional quality: amino acids, sugar, sugar + amino acids, and water (control). We used live termites (Nasutitermes coxipoensis) as model herbivores and observed ant behavior towards them. In 88 h of observations, we recorded 1,009 interactions with artificial nectaries involving 1,923 individual ants of 26

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“…Considering that Callisthene major seeds are considered small (Shimizu & Yamamoto, 2012), the good germination performance in alternating temperature would be an adaptation of the species to a restrictive environment, allowing its rapid establishment. However, there is still little information on the influence of this type of temperature on the germination processes of the genus studied, which is confirmed by Salomão et al (2003), who did not mention any species of Vochysiaceae having preference to alternating temperature.…”

Section: -7mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its fruit is semi-woody and capsular (12-17 × 11-14 mm), globose or ellipsoid, glabrous, and dehiscent with one to two seeds (8-10 × 5-7 mm) per locule with anemochorous dispersion (Shimizu & Yamamoto, 2012), presenting low seed germination rates (Lorenzi, 2014). Despite its dispersion in different regions and potential usage, there is not much information about the basic characteristics of their germination process, such as suitable temperatures or substrates.…”

Section: Introduction and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Temperatures on the Germination of Callisthene major (Vochysiaceae)

et al. 2020

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Knowledge of environmental conditions for seed germination and seedling formation of forest species is essential. The objective of this work is to evaluate the germination of Callisthene major seeds under laboratory conditions using six different temperatures (20, 25, 30, 35, 20-30 and 25-35 °C) and germitest paper (on and between paper). A completely randomized design was used with four replicates of 25 seeds per experimental unit. The variables evaluated were germination (%), germination speed index (GSI), average germination time (AGT) in days and normal seedlings. The results indicated that the species has a high germination index (above 94%) for all tested substrates and temperatures; however, the highest germination vigor (GSI and AGT) was obtained by alternating the temperature between 25-35 °C with the substrate on paper.

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Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Vochysiaceae

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Nectar quality affects ant aggressiveness and biotic defense provided to plants

Nectar quality affects ant aggressiveness and biotic defense provided to plants

Untitled

Effect of Different Temperatures on the Germination of Callisthene major (Vochysiaceae)

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