Floodplain forms along the lowland Maros River, Hungary

Balogh, Márton; Kiss, Tímea; Fiala, Károly; Fehérváry, István

doi:10.7163/gpol.0162

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…The juxtaposition of natural levees creates high surfaces along the channel, with an increasing elevation over time due to aggradation during floods (Florsheim & Mount 2002). Their height depends on channel conditions, sediment transport and flood history (Florsheim & Mount, 2002;Kiss et al, 2018;Balogh et al, 2020). During thousands of years, several kilometers-wide and high forms can develop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alluvial ridge development and structure: Case study on the Upper Tisza, Hungary

Kiss¹,

Sípos²,

Vass³

2022

Geographica Pannonica

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The juxtaposition of natural levees results in alluvial ridges with a unique fluvial record. Our aims were to (1) identify the alluvial ridges of the Upper Tisza (Hungary); (2) determine their morphological characteristics; and (3) reconstruct the Late Quaternary fluvial history of the region. The oldest paleo-meander was abandoned ca. 29 ka ago; referring to early avulsion of the Tisza. Five alluvial ridges were identified with intensive fluvial activity at ca. 12-13 ka, 7.7-8.6 ka, 6.1-6.6 ka, 4.8 and 2.9 ka ago. Moderate fluvial activity was indicated by early Atlantic and Subboreal paleosols. The sedimentation rate in the paleo-channels (0.3-0.5 mm/y) and on the alluvial ridges (0.3-0.5 mm/y) was slow, influenced by the reactivation of a paleo-channel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alluvial ridge development and structure: Case study on the Upper Tisza, Hungary

Kiss¹,

Sípos²,

Vass³

2022

Geographica Pannonica

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“…The proximal part of a floodplain [2] is a zone adjacent to the river channel, shaped by the deposition and erosion coming directly from the main channel. Sometimes such a zone raises above the flood basin level, and is called an alluvial ridge [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be a reason for the lack of papers describing the differential erosion process in the lowlands. Erosional processes in lowland rivers usually act in Holocene in alluvial deposits [2,29,30]. If the lowland was glaciated in Pleistocene by several advances of ice sheets, rivers had to cut through the glacial moraines [18], especially in the case of rivers flowing to the Baltic Sea in Germany, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Northwest Russia, where ice sheets advanced upslope, in contrast to the Interior Plains of Northern America [7,[31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rivers Try Harder. Reversed “Differential Erosion” as Geological Control of Flood in the Large Fluvial Systems in Poland

Bihałowicz

Wierzbicki

2021

Water

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We study cross-sections on the Detailed Geological Map of Poland (SMGP) to find a geologic and geomorphic pattern under river valleys in Poland. The pattern was found in 20 reaches of the largest Polish rivers (Odra, Warta, Vistula, Narew, and Bug) located in the European Lowland, in the landscape of old (Pleistocene, Saalian) glacial high plains extending between the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) moraines on the North and the Upland on the South. The Upland was slightly folded and up-faulted during Alpine orogeny together with the thrust of Carpathian nappes and the uplift of Tatra Mts. and Sudetes. The found pattern is an alluvial river with broad Holocene floodplain and the channel developed atop the protrusion of bedrock (Jurassic, Cretaceous limestones, marlstones, sandstones) or non-alluvial, cohesive, overconsolidated sediments resistant to erosion (glacial tills, lacustrine or “ice-dammed lake” clays) of Cenozoic (Paleogene, Neogene, Quaternary—Elsterian). We regard the sub-alluvial protrusion as the limit of river incision and scour. It cannot be determined why the river flows atop these protrusions, in opposition to “differential erosion”, a geomorphology principle. We assume it is evidence of geological flood control. We propose an environmental and geomorphological framework for the hydrotechnical design of instream river training.

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Sedimentary texture of crevasse splays formed by present-day and palaeofloods against the background of floodplain geomorphology and lithofacies exposed in channel cut banks (in the Vistula River valley between Warsaw and Płock, Poland)

Wierzbicki,

Górka,

Ostrowski

et al. 2023

Miscellanea Geographica

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On the floodplain of a sandy, braided river in the Central European Lowland, we studied the sedimentary texture of two crevasse splays, which were: (1) formed due to a levee breach in the 2010 flood, and widely documented by hydrological, bathymetric and LIDAR data, (2) developed under natural conditions when the channel was not embanked by artificial levees (dikes). We compare the sedimentological results with a geomorphological map, a model of the floodplain geomorphology showing different facies of fluvial deposition derived from a meandering river, and deposits in cut banks of the river channel. The statistical parameters of the grain size composition and geomorphic features of the splay, shaped by overbank flow through the broken embankment, are similar to the natural landform. Most of the cut banks (60% of alluvial deposits were mapped there) consist of lithofacies representing proximal floodplain; 30% were distal floodplain (muds), and 10% channel (coarse sand with gravel, pebbles and cobbles). We speculate about the palaeogeography of the Lower Vistula, and the origin of muds and coarse deposits in the banks of the channel. We link these unusual sediments with avulsion, deposition in side arms during ice-jam conditions, and dredging of the channel bottom by suction excavator, which reached the fluvioglacial, suballuvial layer on the bedrock protrusion.

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Floodplain forms along the lowland Maros River, Hungary

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Alluvial ridge development and structure: Case study on the Upper Tisza, Hungary

Alluvial ridge development and structure: Case study on the Upper Tisza, Hungary

Rivers Try Harder. Reversed “Differential Erosion” as Geological Control of Flood in the Large Fluvial Systems in Poland

Sedimentary texture of crevasse splays formed by present-day and palaeofloods against the background of floodplain geomorphology and lithofacies exposed in channel cut banks (in the Vistula River valley between Warsaw and Płock, Poland)

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