Flood Susceptibility Assessment in Arid Areas: A Case Study of Qatar

Serdar, Mohammad Zaher; Ajjur, Salah Basem; Al-Ghamdi, Sami G.

doi:10.3390/su14159792

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The MCDA approach was widely used in research to identify flood-porn zones around the world (Fernández et al, 2010;Papaioannou et al, 2015;Rahmati et al, 2016;Gigović et al, 2017). The MCDA involves four main stages: identification, standardization, weight assignment, and overlaying (Serdar et al, 2022), as presented in Fig. 4.…”

Section: Matrials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selected criteria (Choudhury et al, 2022) (1) elevation, (2) aspect, (3) curvature, (4) slope, (5) land cover, ( 6) and ( 7) normalised difference vegetation/water index (NDVI) (NDWI), (8) distance to roads, (9) distance to rivers, (10) Rainfall, (11) TPI, and ( 12) TWI (Serdar et al, 2022) (1) slope, (2) groundwater depth, (3) distance to streams, and (4) land use/land cover (LULC) (Arnous et al, 2022) (1) morphometric variables, (2) runoff characteristics, (3) units of lithology, (4) slope, (5) elevation, (6) structure lineament, and (7) rainfall volume (Msabi et al, 2021) (1) geology, (2) accumulation of flow, (3) slope, (4) LULC, (5) density of drainage, (6) stream order, (7) elevation, and (8) soil It is crucial to keep in mind that various factors have varying roles depending on the local natural conditions in each location (Mudashiru et al, 2021;Yaseen et al, 2022). For example, the study area is a dry, sand-dominated desert.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flood susceptibility assessment on the proposed high-speed train track Qena-Hurghada-Safaga (QHS), Egypt

Ali,

Abdelghany,

Moftah

2023

Preprint

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Climate change is a major global issue, with sea level rise, hurricanes, flash floods, and heat and cold waves all being major threats that have led to significant human and economic losses. Egypt's high-speed electric train project is aiming to reduce climate change and improve public health by providing a greener mode of travel. Flooding is a global threat, particularly in arid regions where it is more severe due to climate change and rapid development. The investigation aims to identify flood-prone zones in the study area, including the proposed third track of the high-speed train Qena-Hurghada-Safaga (QHS), using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to identify seven potential factors for flash floods. AHP was used to assess the significance of each factor in the flood susceptibility map by assigning weights. The most crucial criteria to determine flood-prone locations were surface runoff characteristics (30%), watershed morphometric parameters (22%), and average rainfall distribution (16%). A flood susceptibility map was created by overlaying thematic layers and categorizing them into five categories based on the level of flood intensity in the area. According to the prepared map, the research regions were, in order, very low, low, moderate, high , and very high-prone flood zones (6.04%), (36.02%), (14.63%), (33.30%), and (10.01%), respectively. Finally, the runoff curve number (CN), which regulates the key factor in the flood susceptibility map, was validated using a total of 24 soil samples that were collected along the proposed track between the Red Sea Mountain valleys from Qena to Hurghada. In addition, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under curve (AUC) analyses, the mapping of flash flood susceptibility was verified. The validation findings revealed an AUC value of 0.81, demonstrating the dependability of the AHP approach. Moreover, some of the recommended technical solutions have been documented to enhance security against such frequent events in particular areas susceptible to flooding and storms.

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Section: Matrials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood susceptibility assessment on the proposed high-speed train track Qena-Hurghada-Safaga (QHS), Egypt

Ali,

Abdelghany,

Moftah

2023

Preprint

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“…Despite the predominantly arid or semi-arid climate in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, cities such as Cairo, Kuwait, Riyadh, Casablanca, Alexandria, Doha, Guelmim, and Muscat have witnessed flash floods (Youssef and Maerz 2013;Loudyi and Kantoush 2020;Serdar et al 2022). This fact is also supported by the 6th IPCC report, which predicts with high confidence an increase in extreme rainfall events in the MENA region (Masson-Delmotte et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Watch and Upgrade or Deconstruct and Relocate: Derna Catastrophe Lessons Amid the Climate-change Era of Unpredictable Flash Floods

Ashoor,

Eladawy

2024

Preprint

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Water structures' resilience to accelerated global warming impacts is attracting increased attention. Adaptation to unprecedented flash floods in semi-arid regions (e.g., Middle East and North Africa (MENA)) is becoming more challenging under the huge uncertainty of their frequency and intensity, lack of accurate hydrological studies, and water-resilient cities' absence in these wadi systems. Ten to twenty percent of Derna's population (∼90,000 people) were reported dead and missing along with more than 35,000 residents having been displaced (also, 737 completely collapsed, and 2859 partially collapsed houses) following two destruction waves after two-dams failures during unprecedented storm Daniel on the 11th of September 2023. In this study, we deeply investigated the causes and consequences of this significant main dam (i.e., Bu Mansour) breach. We started by discussing the history of dams in the region and the Derna flash flood protection system design background. Then, we rebuilt the most probable scenarios and simulated the dam break analysis validated by ground truthing methods. No matter how well-maintained the main dam was, the unprecedented Daniel storm flood highly exceeded its design capacity. Aside from the widely reported poor maintenance, our investigation of the overflow shafts of the two dams raised a potentially fatal design issue with the main dam. We concluded the most probable dynamics of the two dams' failure through two waves of destruction confirmed by diverse field observations. Ironically, the study concluded that a similar flood induced by the storm could leave much less damage in the case of the absence of any dams (i.e., far less maximum depth and velocity occurrence and fewer flooded areas). Hence, there is an urgent need to reassess similar dams’ design criteria, upgrade, or simply deconstruct similar existing aging dams -including those with small annual storage-to-design capacity ratios- along with relocating residents and infrastructure away from the low-lying areas, all aimed at safeguarding human lives in similar ungauged wadi systems.

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Assessing Resilience in Urban Critical Infrastructures: Interdependencies and Considerations

Serdar,

Al‐Ghamdi

2023

Sustainable Cities in a Changing Climate

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Flood Susceptibility Assessment in Arid Areas: A Case Study of Qatar

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Flood susceptibility assessment on the proposed high-speed train track Qena-Hurghada-Safaga (QHS), Egypt

Flood susceptibility assessment on the proposed high-speed train track Qena-Hurghada-Safaga (QHS), Egypt

Watch and Upgrade or Deconstruct and Relocate: Derna Catastrophe Lessons Amid the Climate-change Era of Unpredictable Flash Floods

Assessing Resilience in Urban Critical Infrastructures: Interdependencies and Considerations

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