Flood Risk Reduction Approaches in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Barua, Uttama; Akther, Mohammad Shakil; Islam, Ishrat

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802169-9.00014-8

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…It could be understood on the individual and household level. Though vulnerability was defined differently in previous studies, it generally refers to the susceptibility of a community that suffered from an event, often determined by the community's geographical exposure (Barua et al, 2016;Dewan, 2013;Samanta et al, 2018;Sarker et al, 2020). In addition, the vulnerability level of certain communities depends on different factors, like physical, institutional, social, political, demographical, and economic.…”

Section: Profiling and Defining Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The UNESCO-IHE (UNESCO-IHE, 2017) defined vulnerability as comprising three factors (resilience, exposure, and susceptibility) that are responsible for creating flood vulnerability. Existing studies (Adger, 2006;Ahsan and Warner, 2014;Azad et al, 2013;Balica et al, 2012;Barua et al, 2016;Berrouet et al, 2018;Frick-Trzebitzky et al, 2017;Huq and Hossain, 2012;Huq and Hossain, 2015) identified and demonstrated several factors of flood vulnerability. Moreover, previous studies (Adger, 2006;Ahsan and Warner, 2014;Azad et al, 2013;Yamani et al, 2016) demonstrated that social, economic, institutional, structural, environmental, and demographic factors are simultaneously responsible for creating household flood vulnerability.…”

Section: Flood-vulnerability Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most commonly used definition of slum is by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT): "a group of individuals that live under the same roof that lack one or more of the following conditions: access to improved water, access to improved sanitation, sufficient living space, durability of housing, and secure tenure" (UN-HABITAT, 2003). The Bangladesh Slum Areas and Floating Population census in 1997 defined slum to be a group of dense settlements with five and/or more households that normally develop very irregularly and haphazardly in unhygienic conditions and environments on government-or privateowned vacant land (Barua et al, 2016;Kamruzzaman et al, 2020). Slums can also exist in owner-based household locations.…”

Section: Defining Slum and Non-slummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing vulnerability for inhabitants of Dhaka City considering flood-hazard exposure

et al. 2020

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Global flood hazard is gradually increasing. Though it is impossible to avoid them, losses and damage of hazards (e.g., floods, cyclones, and earthquakes) could be efficiently reduced by reducing household vulnerability with appropriate measures. This study aims to quantitatively measure the household vulnerability of flood hazards as a mitigation tool. It also proposed a unique approach to quantify flood-hazard household vulnerability, and shows its application in the flood prone city of Dhaka as an example case. Data were collected from both slum and non-slum areas to cover the entire urban habitat, and to compare their level of flood vulnerability. A total of 300 households were surveyed by structured questionnaire on the basis of five factors (economic, social, environmental, structural, and institutional) of flood vulnerability. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to measure individual household vulnerability scores by using the relative weightage of variables and indicators with proper standardisation. Analytical results demonstrated that 63.06% slum and 20.02% non-slum households were highly vulnerable to floods. In addition, this paper determined and assessed responsible factors for household flood vulnerability in Dhaka. For structural vulnerability, results exhibited that 82% of slum households were highly vulnerable, and 95.3% of non-slum households were moderately vulnerable. Socially, 67.3% of slum and 78.7% of non-slum households were moderately and low-vulnerable. The majority of slum and non-slum households (84% and 59.3%, respectively) showed high and moderate vulnerability with respect to economic vulnerability. Moreover, 69.3% of slum and 65.3% of nonslum household institutional vulnerability levels were high. Of slum inhabitants, 63.3% were environmentally at high risk, and 78% of non-slum habitats were in the low-vulnerability category. However, as an effective tool to measure location-specific vulnerability, it is applicable for the measuring vulnerability of other cities in the world with proper customisation. On the basis of this study, future research could be conducted with more factors, variables, and indicators of human vulnerability to natural or artificial hazards/disasters. Future work may provide a better reflection of the vulnerability status of single/multiple hazard(s)/disaster(s).

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Section: Profiling and Defining Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flood-vulnerability Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Defining Slum and Non-slummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing vulnerability for inhabitants of Dhaka City considering flood-hazard exposure

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“…This project sought to prepare a long-term development strategy for the city, with flood protection as its primary focus. However, the project was not formally approved by the cabinet and was never implemented in practice (Barua, Akther and Islam 2016;Islam 2009; Kabir and Parolin 2012). The plan identi ed main ood ow zones and sub ood ow zones of rivers surrounding Dhaka.…”

Section: Plans To Address Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Great Dhaka: A New Urban Development Paradigm Eastward

Bird¹,

Li²,

Rahman³

et al. 2018

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This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

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“…Map of Chittagong City[63].Dhaka city faces heavy rainfall, tornadoes, waterlogging, and flooding during the rainy season from July to October[33]. River and rainwater flooding has become a severe threat to the city[39]. In preparation, during July and August DCC arranges campaigns, meetings, and seminars at the ward level to increase awareness.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hazard, Risk and Resilience: Overview of Two Major Urban Areas of Bangladesh

Zahur

2019

KSS

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Bangladesh is known as one of the disaster-prone countries of the world. Geographical locations of the country and climate change phenomena make the country more vulnerable to a natural disaster. Most of the urban areas of the country are also susceptible to both geological and climatic hazards. These risks and vulnerabilities have been aggravated by poverty, rapid and unplanned urbanization of the country. The two major urban areas of the country including capital city Dhaka; the largest and main port city Chittagong are experiencing natural hazards, and the inhabitants of those areas are on risk. Due to the location of these two urban areas, different types of natural hazards are faced almost every year by the dwellers. The research reviewed local and global disaster framework, and recent literature works to assess the existing resilience scenario of these two cities. Informal interview of dwellers and local government officials was also conducted on both cities. This study tries to discuss the probable significant natural hazards of the two major cities of the country. The research also presents the existing resilience scenario of these two major urban areas in consideration of the global and local disaster management framework. The study will also try to suggest some recommendations to increase and improve the resilience of these significant metropolitan areas.

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Flood Risk Reduction Approaches in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Assessing vulnerability for inhabitants of Dhaka City considering flood-hazard exposure

Assessing vulnerability for inhabitants of Dhaka City considering flood-hazard exposure

Toward Great Dhaka: A New Urban Development Paradigm Eastward

Hazard, Risk and Resilience: Overview of Two Major Urban Areas of Bangladesh

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