Flood Irrigation of a Cracked Soil

Mitchell, Alan R.; Genuchten, M. Th. van

doi:10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700020032x

Cited by 60 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…The smectite mineralogy of these soils allow them to intake water initially through cracks, but then swelling reduces the final infiltration rate to nearly the 1.0 mm 11-' lower threshold for irrigability (Salinity Laboratory Staff 1954, p.22), as shown in several field studies (Perrier et al, 1974;Mitchell and Donovan, 1991). The water flow is dominated by shrinkage cracks (Mitchell and van Genuchten, 1993), rather than surface crusts (Mitchell, 1986). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of root systems on preferential flow in swelling soil

Mitchell

Ellsworth

Meek

1995

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

148

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Permeability problems on irrigated soils may be alleviated by root systems that increase water flow by creating macropores. Infiltration rates have been shown to increase where plant roots decay and serve as preferential flow paths. For low-organic-matter swelling soil, there is a question whether macropores are able to resist the lateral swelling forces of the soil. The objective of this study was to observe preferential water flow paths in a swelling soil under two cropping systems. A Holtville silty clay (clayey-over-loamy, montmorillonitic Typic Torrifluvent) was observed in situ. Two crops, alfalfa (Medicago saliva, L.) and wheat (Triticum turgidum, L.) provided sharply contrasting root systems, with wheat possessing fine, fibrous roots; alfalfa on the other hand, has a taproot system. Macropores were observed after applying soil-adsorbing methylene blue dye to irrigation water.Shrinkage cracks failed to conduct dye after 10 minutes into a flood irrigation.Earthworm (Lubricus terrestris) channels were also not stable. However, decaying roots of alfalfa produced stable macropores, while wheat produced no such macropores. The influence of alfalfa-root-induced macropores was demonstrated by 's (1989, 1990) findings on sandy loam soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of root systems on preferential flow in swelling soil

Mitchell

Ellsworth

Meek

1995

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

148

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“…The presence of cracks during irrigation leads to increases infiltration rates and decrease runoff in fine-textured soil was recognized by Kutilek and Novak (1976) Izadi and Wallender (1985) and Mitchell and van Genuchten (1993). They reported that the infiltration of a soil without cracks is less than half (34%) of the infiltration of a soil with cracks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of tillage on water advance and distribution under surge and continuous furrows irrigation methods for cotton in Egypt

Ismail

2006

Irrigation and Drainage

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A field experiment was carried out to assess the effect of tillage on water advance and water distribution in the root zone area (0.5 m) under continuous and surge flow irrigation in a cotton field. The experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Experimental Station, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. The location was classified as clay soil. The furrows with blocked ends were 76 cm long and 0.70 m wide with 0.0024 m m À1 of slope. To monitor the advance time, six points were established along the furrows at 9, 18, 27, 36, 45 and 76 m from the inlet. In order to study the water distribution along the furrows, soil moisture content was measured using the gravimetric method at 0-0.25 and 0.25-0.50 m depths at the beginning, middle and end of the furrows. A hand hoeing tillage system (HH) was compared with a weed control tillage system (WC) under continuous flow (CF) and surge flow irrigation (SF).Hand hoeing tillage decreased the water advance time compared to weed control tillage either under continuous or surge flow irrigation. Surge flow also decreased the advance time compared to continuous flow. The greatest effect on the advance time reduction resulted from the combined effect of surge flow with tillage (SFHH), which reduced the total supplied water by 22.4 and 25.7% during the first and second irrigation, respectively. The single effect of either tillage (CFHH) or surging (SFWC) also reduced the total amount of supplied water compared to continuous flow with weed control tillage (CFWC), but the reduction was less than that in the combined treatments. Due to tillage and surge effects, soil water was efficiently used and distributed uniformly along the furrow length. Combining surge irrigation and tillage could be an efficient method to use irrigation water efficiently and ensure uniform distribution of soil water. Copyright

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“…Cracks clearly play an important role in the infiltration rates (Mitchell and van Genuchten, 1993;Römkens and Prasad, 2006) and consequently in the destabilisation of slopes (Stumpf et al, 2013;Galeandro et al, 2014). The processes analysed here play a role in the closure of cracks, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The goal of this experiment was to extract an undisturbed sample of black marl and expose this material to a natural rainfall event in order to monitor the sample's surface evolution using a 3-D laser scanner. This monitoring has permitted us to study the micro-topographic surface deformation and erosion processes that may have an impact on infiltration rates during rainfall events (Mitchell and van Genuchten, 1993;Römkens and Prasad, 2006). In addition, these surface changes may also play a role in the triggering of landslides (Galeandro et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion processes in black marl soils at the millimetre scale: preliminary insights from an analogous model

Bechet

Duc

Jaboyedoff

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.To investigate the millimetre-scale surface processes caused by natural rainfall, an undisturbed sample of badlands soil (1 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.15 m thick) was carefully extracted. The sample is composed of black marl soil from a badlands area of the Draix Observatory (SE France). After extraction, the undisturbed sample was placed at the same slope angle (45 • ) as its original orientation and was then monitored for several processes via a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) with millimetre-scale accuracy and resolution. This experiment identified several surface processes interpreted as micro-landslides, swelling of the black marl material and lateral expansion that closed desiccation cracks. These micro-processes illustrate the complexity of the surface micro-topography changes that control erosion and infiltration rates over time.

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Flood Irrigation of a Cracked Soil

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of root systems on preferential flow in swelling soil

Effect of root systems on preferential flow in swelling soil

Effect of tillage on water advance and distribution under surge and continuous furrows irrigation methods for cotton in Egypt

Erosion processes in black marl soils at the millimetre scale: preliminary insights from an analogous model

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