Abstract:V-shaped and echelon formations help migratory birds to consume less energy for migration. As the case study, the formation flight of the Northern Bald Ibises is considered to investigate different effects on their flight efficiency. The effects of the wingtip spacing and wingspan are examined on the individual drag of each Ibis in the flock. Two scenarios are considered in this study, (1) increasing and (2) decreasing wingspans toward the tail. An algorithm is applied for replacement mechanism and load balanc… Show more
Set email alert for when this publication receives citations?
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.