Floating treatment wetlands as a suitable option for large-scale wastewater treatment

Afzal, Muhammad; Arslan, Muhammad; Müller, Jochen A.; Shabir, Ghulam; Islam, Ejazul; Tahseen, Razia; Anwar‐ul‐Haq, Muhammad; Hashmat, Amer Jamal; Iqbal, Samina; Khan, Qaiser M.

doi:10.1038/s41893-019-0350-y

Cited by 121 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…One‐way ANOVA was performed to determine the significant differences among treatments, while considering post hoc Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test function for multiple comparisons (HSD.test). Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05 (Afzal et al , 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced remediation of Cr⁶⁺ in bacterial‐assisted floating wetlands

Akram

Tara

Khan

et al. 2020

Water & Environment J

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Hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+) is reported to have negative effects on fauna and flora. The present study establishes plant-bacterial synergism in floating wetlands (FWs) for the maximum removal of Cr 6+ from the contaminated water. A common wetland plant, Brachiaria mutica (para grass), was planted in combination with three Cr-resistant rhizo-and endophytic bacteria. Results indicated that FWs vegetated with B. mutica showed the potential to remove Cr (53%) from water and their efficacy was significantly enhanced by bacterial inoculation (88%). The inoculated bacteria were able to colonize the plant interior successfully, that is, roots and shoots. The un-vegetated control tanks, however, showed the least bacterial persistence in the water. The perceptible phytotoxicity symptoms on B. mutica were only observed for the treatments without bacterial inoculation. The study suggests that B. mutica could be an effective choice as a wetland macrophyte to establish a partnership with the Cr-resistant bacteria for improved remediation of Cr 6+ contamination.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced remediation of Cr⁶⁺ in bacterial‐assisted floating wetlands

Akram

Tara

Khan

et al. 2020

Water & Environment J

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“…For example, in Nigeria, which is considered as the giant of Africa with a population of over 200 million, most of the states such as Plateau, Niger, Kwara, Kogi, and Benue have dysfunctional wastewater treatment facilities while other states like Ondo, Imo, Bayelsa, Anambra, Akwa Ibom, and Abia do not have any treatment facilities at all ( Adesogan, 2013 ; Adewumi and Oguntuase, 2016 ; Omole et al, 2019 ). With such, the wastewater in these states are directly discharged into surface water sources with no pre-treatment ( Azizullah et al, 2011 ; Afzal et al, 2019 ; Arslan et al, 2020 ). Also, in Ghana, the actual total waste production is not readily available.…”

Section: State Of Water Sanitation and Hygiene (Wash) Systems In Afrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems in Africa: Are there any sustainable remedies?

Sunkari

Korboe

Abu³

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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Governments across the globe are currently besieged with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. Although some countries have been largely affected by this pandemic, others are only slightly affected. In this regard, every government is taking precautionary measures to mitigate the adverse effects of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in wastewater raising an alarm for Africa due to the poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities. Also, most countries in Africa do not have resilient policies governing sanitation and water management systems, which expose them to higher risk levels for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this study unearthed the likely sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems (mainly wastewater) in Africa through a holistic review of published works. This provided the opportunity to propose sustainable remedial measures, which can be extrapolated to most developing countries in the world. The principal sources and routes of potential transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in water systems are hospital sewage, waste from isolation and quarantine centres, faecal-oral transmission, contaminated surface and groundwater sources, and contaminated sewage. The envisioned overwhelming impact of these sources on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through water systems in Africa suggests that governments need to put stringent and sustainable measures to curtail the scourge. Hence, it is proposed that governments in Africa must put measures like improved WASH facilities and public awareness campaigns, suburbanization of wastewater treatment facilities, utilizing low-cost point-of-use water treatment systems, legally backed policy interventions, and Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS). SARS-CoV-2 in water systems can be inactivated and destroyed by integrating ozonation, chlorination, UV irradiation, and sodium hypochlorite in low-cost point-of-use treatment systems. These proposed sustainable remedial measures can help policymakers in Africa to effectively monitor and manage the untoward impact of SARS-CoV-2 on water systems and consequently, on the health of the general public.

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“…The root provides sufficient surface area for the attachment and colonization of various microorganisms. Roots also release different exudates like citrate, oxalate, amino acid, malate, etc., which act as a carbon source for the microbes and helps in their stimulation and proliferation [16,[24][25][26]38]. As the microbial population increases, the biofilm layer becomes sticky in nature.…”

Section: Pollutants Removal Mechanism In Efbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of vegetation coverage ratio in a floating water treatment bed of Pistia stratiotes

et al. 2021

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Floating bed (FB) is one of the low cost and efficient system to treat polluted water bodies in rural as well as urban area. It requires less space compared to other macrophyte based treatment system. Vegetation coverage is an effective factor as atmospheric oxygen diffusion to water body depends upon this. When a water body is fully covered by vegetation, it prevents the diffusion of atmospheric oxygen, which is a major source of dissolved oxygen (DO). An optimum vegetation coverage is necessary to obtain maximum treatment efficiency and to verify this a laboratory scale experiment was performed with various vegetation coverage ratio (VCR) of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1. Organics and nutrient removal were measured corresponding to initial floating bed VCR. COD removal for VCR 1.0, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25 and 0 were 86.4%, 93.6%, 96.2%, 85.4% and 60.8%, respectively. The roots of macrophyte (Pistia stratiotes) supports growth of microorganism, which perform biodegradation of organics as well as uptake nutrients. Maximum NH4+-N and PO43−-P removal were observed at VCR of 0.75 and 1.0, respectively. In the tanks with VCR of 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75, the final DO was more than 4 mg/L, which is the requisite DO value for survival of aquatic organism.

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Floating treatment wetlands as a suitable option for large-scale wastewater treatment

Cited by 121 publications

References 49 publications

Enhanced remediation of Cr⁶⁺ in bacterial‐assisted floating wetlands

Enhanced remediation of Cr⁶⁺ in bacterial‐assisted floating wetlands

Sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems in Africa: Are there any sustainable remedies?

Assessing the impact of vegetation coverage ratio in a floating water treatment bed of Pistia stratiotes

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Floating treatment wetlands as a suitable option for large-scale wastewater treatment

Cited by 121 publications

References 49 publications

Enhanced remediation of Cr6+ in bacterial‐assisted floating wetlands

Enhanced remediation of Cr6+ in bacterial‐assisted floating wetlands

Sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems in Africa: Are there any sustainable remedies?

Assessing the impact of vegetation coverage ratio in a floating water treatment bed of Pistia stratiotes

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Enhanced remediation of Cr⁶⁺ in bacterial‐assisted floating wetlands

Enhanced remediation of Cr⁶⁺ in bacterial‐assisted floating wetlands