Float culture of wheat anthers

Abstract

Experiments on wheat anther culture in liquid media either synthetic or with potato extract show that it is possible to obtain as many embryos as when using solid potato extract medium. In liquid media young embryos or 14-day old induced anthers can differentiate green plants for regeneration. Glutamine is effective in culturing anthers and can replace potato extract in the medium.

Induction of microspore embryogenesis in cultured anthers of hordeum vulgare. The effects of ammonium nitrate, glutamine and asparagine as nitrogen sources

“…The results show that glutamine stimulates direct embryogenesis from microspores in agreement with previus observations on tissue culture of Nicotiana (24), Datura (25) and Triticum (10).…”

Wheat Anther Culture: Agronomic Performance of Doubled Haploid Lines and the Release of a New Variety “Florin”

“…Nevertheless, float culture of wheat anthers seems less efficient than the use of a gel medium (Henry and de Buyser 1981). As the float culture method has to be handled with care and is moreover more susceptible to contamination, we no longer use this technique in practical work.…”

“…The 2,4-0 is necessary only during the first 12 days of culture (Henry and de Buyser 1981), probably to induce the first steps of the embryonic process. The presence of 2,4-0 in the medium throughout the culture process reduced the quality ofthe embryos and thus significantly reduced theirregenerative potential (Henry and de Buyser 1981). Kinetin is the most widely used cytokinin (0.5 to 1 mg/l), and we have observed it to have a better effect on embryo quality than 6-benzylaminopurine.…”

“…Nine percent sucrose is appropriate for wheat anther culture to determine not only pollen embryo induction frequency but future regeneration ability (Ouyang 1986). The 9%concentration is optimal only for the beginning (induction phase), 2% being sufficient for the end of the embryogenic process (Henry and de Buyser 1981). Sucrose may not only regulate the osmotic pressure of the medium but may also be the most effective carbon source.…”

“…Liquid media were also tested (Henry and de Buyser 1981;Wei 1982). Nevertheless, float culture of wheat anthers seems less efficient than the use of a gel medium (Henry and de Buyser 1981).…”