FLNA and PGK1 are Two Potential Markers for Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

Background/Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly diseases; metastasis and recurrence are the most important factors that affect the therapy of HCC chronically. Until now, the prognosis for the metastasis of HCC had not improved. Recently, several proteins that are related to metastasis and invasion of HCC were identified, but the effective markers still remain to be elucidated. Methods: In this study, comparative proteomics was used to study the differentially expressed proteins in two HCC cell lines MHCC97L and HCCLM9, which have low and high metastatic potentials, respectively. Results: Our findings indicated that filamin A (FLNA) and phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) were two significantly differentially expressed proteins, with high expression in HCCLM9 cells, and may influence the metastasis of HCC cells. Conclusion: Taken together with the confirmation of expression on the mRNA level, we propose the use of FLNA and PGK1 as potential markers for the progression of HCC.

Nucleolin identified by comparative mass-spectra analysis is a potential marker for invasive progression of hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Notably, the present study identified differential expression of FLNA and FLNB in the cytoplasmic proteins, which is consistent with findings reported by Ai et al (8). Aside from the two proteins in the cytoplasm, nucleolin was the only differentially expressed protein among the proteins isolated from the nucleus, and it provided a novel candidate for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.…”

“…Indeed, the lack of good early diagnostic markers has rendered this disease a major challenge. Previous studies have investigated certain molecules associated with the progression and metastasis of HCC, including transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ) (19), insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) (20), the human cervical cancer oncogene (HCCR) (21), FLNA and PGK1 (8). However, these biomarkers are not adequately specific and sensitive.…”

“…Thus, metastatic recurrence is hypothesized to be the primary barrier to the improvement of HCC treatment efficacy (1). Recently, several proteins that are associated with the metastatic recurrence of HCC were reported (7,8). However, the specific and sensitive biomarkers remain to be elucidated.…”

Epigenetic deregulation of miR-29a and miR-1256 by isoflavone contributes to the inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth and invasion

“…[21][22][23] Interestingly, the high expression of PGK-1 is significantly correlated with tumor progression, metastasis and multidrug resistance in various cancers. 21,22,[24][25][26] It has also been reported that the expression of PGK-1 in PCa cells could induce bone formation 27 and that cancer-associated fibroblasts, which showed strong expression of PGK-1, could promote PCa growth, 28 suggesting that PGK-1 plays important roles in PCa development, progression and bone metastasis. In addition, both PGK-1 and AR genes are located within Xqll-Xql3 region and PGK-1 short tandem repeat polymorphism linkage to AR in the expression of miR-29a has been found to be correlated with short survival, more invasive phenotype, and early recurrence.…”

The actin cross-linker Filamin/Cheerio mediates tumor malignancy downstream of JNK signaling

“…Although downregulation of FLNA expression increases the invasiveness of human breast cancer cells (Cunningham et al, 1992;Xu et al, 2010), a positive effect of FLNA on cell migration has also been reported (Castoria et al, 2011;Cunningham et al, 1992). FLNA expression levels in tumors and plasma of patients with breast and primary brain tumors increase with tumor malignancy (Ai et al, 2011;Alper et al, 2009;Bedolla et al, 2009). Finally, a most recent study has demonstrated that FLNA knockout restrains development of KRas induced lung tumors in mice (Nallapalli et al, 2012).…”