Flipped Learning Studies in Science-Related Disciplines: A Meta-Synthesis

Abstract

This study aimed to synthesize the qualitative and mixed-method studies that used the Flipped Learning Model in science-related disciplines. This study is a meta-synthesis study and prefers qualitative research as a methodology. The current study adopted a case study as a design. The authors used many databases to find the studies they would review. These databases are Elsevier, SpringerLink, Taylor & Francis, Sage, EBSCO, Wiley, JSTOR, and Scopus. Using various keywords and inclusion-exclusion criteria, four qualitative and nine mixed-method research studies were reviewed. This review highlighted the objectives, research groups, data collection instruments, data analysis, validity and reliability, results, and recommendations of these studies. The results showed that investigating the impact of the Flipped Learning Model on students' academic performance was the most prominent aim of the studies. We also found that the Flipped Learning Model studies were mostly conducted with participants from older age groups and that interviews, observations, and various documents were the most commonly used data collection tools. In addition, we found that the studies achieved what they aimed to achieve with the Flipped Learning Model. Based on these results, there is a need for studies that reflect the implementation steps of FLM in a much more detailed and explicit way