Flight Testing of a HLF Wing with Suction, Ice-Protection and Anti-Contamination Systems

Humphreys, Bryan E.; Horstman, Karl-Heinz

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-45359-8_6

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Active (or hardware-based) systems include mechanical devices such as covers, scrapers and shields [138][139][140][141]. Many of these concepts have proven effective in a research setting; however, added complexity and weight penalties have prevented usage on commercial aircraft [15,83].…”

Section: Methods For Insect Contamination Alleviationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical considerations in the mitigation of insect residue contamination on aircraft surfaces – A review

Kok

Smith

Wohl

et al. 2015

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

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Section: Methods For Insect Contamination Alleviationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical considerations in the mitigation of insect residue contamination on aircraft surfaces – A review

Kok

Smith

Wohl

et al. 2015

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

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“…A single fluidic system, with anticontamination and anti-icing capabilities, was developed under the HYLTEC project for the DLR Do228 test vehicle. Humphreys and Horstmann [63] explain why it is necessary to use foam, rather than liquid, where suction on the attachment line is required.…”

Section: Anti-icingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from the obvious weight and liquid usage disadvantages, undesirable time delays would also result at start-up and shut-down. These incompatibilities and disadvantages can be overcome if the liquid can be transported through plenum chamber and skin in a foamed state [63].…”

Section: Anti-icingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid anti-contamination systems for hybrid laminar flow control aircraft—a review of the critical issues and important experimental results

Young

Humphreys²

2004

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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Contamination of the aircraft leading edges by insects and other airborne particles is a major operational concern for the implementation of hybrid laminar flow control (HLFC)-an active drag reduction technique, which has the potential to produce significant fuel savings for airliners. A review of the critical issues is provided, encompassing the transition mechanism, insect distributions and concepts for contamination mitigation. The use of liquid/foam-based systems has proved to be very successful, as is evident in the review of experimental work.

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An adjoint-based methodology for calculating manufacturing tolerances for natural laminar flow airfoils susceptible to smooth surface waviness

Moniripiri,

Brito,

Cavalieri

et al. 2023

Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn.

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An adjoint-based method is presented for determining manufacturing tolerances for aerodynamic surfaces with natural laminar flow subjected to wavy excrescences. The growth of convective unstable disturbances is computed by solving Euler, boundary layer, and parabolized stability equations. The gradient of the kinetic energy of disturbances in the boundary layer (E) with respect to surface grid points is calculated by solving adjoints of the governing equations. The accuracy of approximations of $$\Delta E$$ Δ E , using gradients obtained from adjoint, is investigated for several waviness heights. It is also shown how second-order derivatives increase the accuracy of approximations of $$\Delta E$$ Δ E when surface deformations are large. Then, for specific flight conditions, using the steepest ascent and the sequential least squares programming methodologies, the waviness profile with minimum $$L2-$$ L 2 - norm that causes a specific increase in the maximum value of N- factor, $$\Delta N$$ Δ N , is found. Finally, numerical tests are performed using the NLF(2)-0415 airfoil to specify tolerance levels for $$\Delta {N}$$ Δ N up to 2.0 for different flight conditions. Most simulations are carried out for a Mach number and angle of attack equal to 0.5 and $$1.25^{\circ }$$ 1 . 25 ∘ , respectively, and with Reynolds numbers between $$9\times 10^6$$ 9 × 10 6 and $$15\times 10^6$$ 15 × 10 6 and for waviness profiles with different ranges of wavelengths. Finally, some additional studies are presented for different angles of attack and Mach numbers to show their effects on the computed tolerances. Graphic abstract

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Flight Testing of a HLF Wing with Suction, Ice-Protection and Anti-Contamination Systems

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Critical considerations in the mitigation of insect residue contamination on aircraft surfaces – A review

Critical considerations in the mitigation of insect residue contamination on aircraft surfaces – A review

Liquid anti-contamination systems for hybrid laminar flow control aircraft—a review of the critical issues and important experimental results

An adjoint-based methodology for calculating manufacturing tolerances for natural laminar flow airfoils susceptible to smooth surface waviness

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