Flight Habits and Seasonal Abundance of Dried-Fruit Insects

Barnes, Dwight F.; Kaloostian, George H.

doi:10.1093/jee/33.1.115

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Field captures of Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius), another pest of stored products, were also affected by wind, with negligible numbers caught when wind speeds exceeded 5 m s −1 in summer and 6 m s −1 in autumn (Toews et al., ). The timing of T. castaneum flight in our study did not appear to be as strongly crepuscular as reported in the literature (Barnes & Kaloostan, ; Howe, ; Jones, ; Giles, ; Taylor, ; Boon & Ho, ). Most of the day‐flying beetles were possibly caught in the afternoon, so further sampling studies with more sampling periods of shorter duration and a primary focus on the time of emigration are required.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Even their diel and seasonal flight patterns, flight propensity, duration and cues that initiate flight in the field remain virtually unknown. Several authors have, however, reported peak flight activity of the beetles around dusk (Barnes & Kaloostan, ; Jones, ; Giles, ; Taylor, ; Boon & Ho, ), with the duration of these crepuscular flights reportedly highly variable and related to prevailing weather conditions (Howe, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flight directionality of Tribolium castaneum soon after take‐off under glasshouse and field conditions

Ridley

Daglish

Burrill

et al. 2015

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Flight directionality of the rust-red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), was investigated under glasshouse and field conditions using sticky traps placed around dense experimental infestations of T. castaneum derived from field-collected samples. Although beetles of this species are known to fly quite readily, information on flight of beetles away from grain resources is limited. Under still glasshouse conditions, T. castaneum does not demonstrate strong horizontal or vertical trajectories in their initial flight behaviour. Flight was significantly directional in half of the replicates, but trapped beetles were only weakly concentrated around the mean direction of flight. In the field, by contrast, emigration of T. castaneum was strongly directional soon after flight initiation. The mean vector lengths were generally >0.5 which indicates that trapped beetles were strongly concentrated around the calculated mean flight direction. A circular-circular regression of mean flight vs. mean downwind direction suggested that flight direction was generally correlated with downwind direction. The mean height at which T. castaneum individuals initially flew was 115.4 AE 7.0 cm, with 58.3% of beetles caught no more than 1 m above the ground. The height at which beetles were trapped did not correlate with wind speed at the time of sampling, but the data do indicate that wind speed significantly affected T. castaneum flight initiation, because no beetles (or very few; no more than three) were trapped in the field when the mean wind speed was above 3 m s À1 . This study thus demonstrates that wind speed and direction are both important aspects of flight behaviour of T. castaneum, and therefore of the spatio-temporal dynamics of this species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flight directionality of Tribolium castaneum soon after take‐off under glasshouse and field conditions

Ridley

Daglish

Burrill

et al. 2015

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Fraenkel & Blewett (1943) found that the larvae of this species were unable to develop on entirely undamaged or even very slightly damaged grain but developed on grossly damaged grain at a similar rate to that on wheatfeed. The adults live 6-8 months; they may be seen crawling rapidly over infested food material but rarely flying (Linsley & Michelbacher, 1943), although Barnes & Kaloostian (1940) recorded small numbers flying at twilight. The laboratory strain used in these experiments was found to survive winter conditions in Britain (Solomon & Adamson, 1955).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory studies on dispersion behaviour of adult beetles in grain. II.—The saw-toothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera, Silvanidae)

Surtees

1963

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Dispersion behaviour in adults of the saw-toothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), was studied under controlled laboratory conditions. The effect of density, temperature and moisture content on surface dispersion was studied using groups of insects in jars of 500 g. grain and vertical dispersion by using groups of insects in thin vertical plates of wheat held between two sheets of glass. The ethological basis of group behaviour was investigated by using isolated individuals.Over the range of conditions used, 1–10 per cent, of the individuals comprising the groups studied appeared on the surface of the grain. In grain at 14 per cent, moisture content, at 25°C., 3·4 per cent, of the group appeared on the surface. A greater proportion was found on the surface of grain at 9 per cent, moisture content than at higher moisture contents at all temperatures tested (15–35°C.). At all moisture contents, surface numbers were relatively high at 15°C.In grain at 14 per cent, moisture content and 25°C., individuals moved vertically and laterally at random but were more active in the evening than in the morning. In grain at 9 per cent, moisture, there was marked irritability, and at 15°C. and 14 per cent, moisture, there was continual but slow movement without any detectable diurnal pattern of activity. Activity was reduced at 30°C., and at 25°C. it was reduced in grain of 17 per cent, moisture content.The significance of these results is discussed in relation to the detection of populations, group formation and the initiation of foci of heating in patches of damp grain.

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“…Rusty grain beetles have been observed to fly at 30°C but not below 21°C (Rilett 1949). Barnes and Kaloostian (1940) observed that the group of species to which the rusty grain beetle belongs was most abundant and active in the hot weather of July and August and showed maximum activity around sunset. L.B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FIELD EVALUATION OF A PHEROMONE TO DETECT ADULT RUSTY GRAIN BEETLES, CRYPTOLESTES FERRUGINEUS (COLEOPTERA: CUCUJIDAE), IN STORED GRAIN

et al. 1986

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Insect-detection traps baited with the synthetic aggregation pheromones of the rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), were inserted into grain stored in primary elevator annex bins and in farm bins, or suspended in partly full or empty bins and outside under the eaves of bins. The mixture of the synthetic pheromones 4,8-dimethyl-E,E-4,8-decadienolide (ferrulactone I) and (Z)-3-dodecen-11-olide (ferrulactone II) was released from hollow polyester fibers (0.203 mm ID) positioned in the interior of the insect-detection trap. In annex bins, the number of beetles found in baited traps after 1 week ranged from 0 to 7300. In these bins, more beetles were found in traps at a depth of 30–60 cm than at 150–250 cm, and in traps with 2 fibers containing pheromone rather than with 1 fiber. In farm bins, baited and unbaited traps were relatively ineffective at grain temperatures below 14 °C. More beetles were found in baited than in unbaited traps in farm bins but the numbers were small and the differences were not significant. Few beetles were found in traps suspended in partly full or empty farm bins and none in traps suspended outside under the eaves.

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Flight Habits and Seasonal Abundance of Dried-Fruit Insects

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Flight directionality of Tribolium castaneum soon after take‐off under glasshouse and field conditions

Flight directionality of Tribolium castaneum soon after take‐off under glasshouse and field conditions

Laboratory studies on dispersion behaviour of adult beetles in grain. II.—The saw-toothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera, Silvanidae)

FIELD EVALUATION OF A PHEROMONE TO DETECT ADULT RUSTY GRAIN BEETLES, CRYPTOLESTES FERRUGINEUS (COLEOPTERA: CUCUJIDAE), IN STORED GRAIN

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