Flies and Flowers in Darwin's Race

Pauw, Anton; Stofberg, Jaco; Waterman, Richard J.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00547.x

Cited by 202 publications

(292 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…pollinator distribution, plant community composition) influencing the diversification and evolution of floral traits such as shape, color, and scent ( Van der Niet et al 2014). In many animal-pollinated plants, evidence has accumulated that floral diversification and adaptation occur in response to selection by pollinators (Schemske & Bradshaw 1999;Whittall & Hodges 2007;Pauw et al 2009;Gómez et al 2014;Nagano et al 2014;Kuriya et al 2015). Although many floral adaptations have undoubtedly arisen under selection pressure by pollinators, other selection agents also drive floral adaptation (reviewed by Strauss & Whittall 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of flower size variation along an altitudinal gradient differs between Impatiens textori and Impatiens noli-tangere

Hattori

Nagano

Shinohara

et al. 2016

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Studies of factors influencing spatial variation in flower size offer insights into floral evolution. We investigated altitudinal variations in five flower dimensions of two native Japanese Impatiens species (I. textori and I. noli-tangere) and their interactions with their faunal visitors. These two species have similar floral traits, including flower shape, flowering time, and pollinator species; both species are pollinated mainly by Bombus diversus. In I. textori, all measured flower dimensions were negatively correlated with altitude. In contrast, in I. noli-tangere, no measured flower dimensions correlated with altitude. Thus, the altitudinal pattern of flower size variation differed between these congeneric co-habiting herbaceous plant species. The different patterns suggest that the factors (e.g. altitudinal variations of abiotic factors) that cause variation of flower size differ between these two Impatiens species even though focal species have similar floral traits (e.g. flower shape, flowering time, and pollinator species).ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of flower size variation along an altitudinal gradient differs between Impatiens textori and Impatiens noli-tangere

Hattori

Nagano

Shinohara

et al. 2016

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…Many scientists have pondered over the evolutionary processes that led to the development of particularly elongate proboscides in flower-visiting insects (Darwin 1862;Johnson 1997;Johnson and Anderson 2010;Muchhala and Thomson 2009;Nilsson 1988Nilsson , 1998Pauw et al 2009;Rodríguez-Gironés and Llandres 2008;Rodríguez-Gironés and Santamaría 2007;Wasserthal 1997Wasserthal , 1998Whittall and Hodges 2007). The most widely accepted hypothesis for the evolution of extreme mouthpart lengths is that they coevolved with long nectar spurs of angiosperms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological role of extremely long-proboscid Neotropical butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) in plant-pollinator networks

Bauder

Warren

Krenn

2015

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Extremely long proboscides of insect flower visitors have been regarded as an example of a coevolutionary arms race, assuming that these insects act as efficient pollinators for their nectar host plants. However, the effect of proboscis length on generalized or specialized flower use remains unclear and the efficiency of butterfly pollination is ambiguous. Neotropical Hesperiidae feature a surprising variation of proboscis length, which makes them a suitable study system to elucidate the role of extremely long-proboscid insects in plant-pollinator networks. The results of this study show that skippers with longer proboscides visit plant species with deep-tubed flowers to take up food, but do not pollinate them. Skippers equipped with extremely long proboscides seldom include short-tubed flowers in their diet nor visit more plant species than those with shorter proboscides. Our observations indicate that the extremely long-proboscid skippers steal nectar from their preferred nectar host plants, Calathea sp., instead of contributing to their pollination. Finally, we discuss the impact of nectar robbery by these butterflies on their nectar host plants and their legitimate pollinators, euglossine bees.

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“…Divergence in morphology has been a dominating theme of coevolutionary studies (for recent examples see e.g. Benkman et al 2012;Pauw et al 2009; Toju et al 2011), but studies of chemical diversification increasingly have shown that coevolution is just as often about attractants, repellents, toxic compounds, and counter responses to those compounds (Berenbaum and Zangerl 2006;Brodie and Ridenhour 2003;Ehrlich and Raven 1964;Foitzik et al 2003;Hanifin et al 2008;Johnson et al 2010;Raguso 2008;. Attractants are a particularly intriguing class of compounds in coevolving interactions, because they actively attract mutualists but may simultaneously attract enemies (Theis and Adler 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Scent Contributes to Interaction Specificity in Coevolving Plants and Their Insect Pollinators

et al. 2014

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Chemical defenses, repellents, and attractants are important shapers of species interactions. Chemical attractants could contribute to the divergence of coevolving plant-insect interactions, if pollinators are especially responsive to signals from the local plant species. We experimentally investigated patterns of daily floral scent production in three Lithophragma species (Saxifragaceae) that are geographically isolated and tested how scent divergence affects attraction of their major pollinator-the floral parasitic moth Greya politella (Prodoxidae). These moths oviposit through the corolla while simultaneously pollinating the flower with pollen adhering to the abdomen. The complex and species-specific floral scent profiles were emitted in higher amounts during the day, when these day-flying moths are active. There was minimal divergence found in petal color, which is another potential floral attractant. Female moths responded most strongly to scent from their local host species in olfactometer bioassays, and were more likely to oviposit in, and thereby pollinate, their local host species in no-choice trials. The results suggest that floral scent is an important attractant in this interaction. Local specialization in the pollinator response to a highly specific plant chemistry, thus, has the potential to contribute importantly to patterns of interaction specificity among coevolving plants and highly specialized pollinators.

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Flies and Flowers in Darwin's Race

Cited by 202 publications

References 83 publications

Pattern of flower size variation along an altitudinal gradient differs between Impatiens textori and Impatiens noli-tangere

Pattern of flower size variation along an altitudinal gradient differs between Impatiens textori and Impatiens noli-tangere

The ecological role of extremely long-proboscid Neotropical butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) in plant-pollinator networks

Floral Scent Contributes to Interaction Specificity in Coevolving Plants and Their Insect Pollinators

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