Flicker Reduction in Intra Coded Frames of H.264/AVC

Chun, Seong Soo; Ryu, Hanjin; Sull, Sanghoon

doi:10.1109/icip.2006.312844

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In [9] and [10] an Intra prediction mode selection method was discussed to reduce the flicker artifact. The method relies on modifying the distortion value of the Rate Distortion Optimization (RDO) process by adding a new flicker-related term, which is used in the flicker-prone MBs.…”

Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others (e.g., [12], [13], [17]) require to perform a filtering process at the decoder side, what prevents their use when any of the available standard decoder implementations must be used. Others (e.g., [9], [10], [15]) depend on fixed thresholds that hinder a proper generalization ability. Moreover, none of them controls the PSNR losses incurred by the algorithm in exchange for flicker reduction.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Standard-Compliant Low-Pass Temporal Filter to Reduce the Perceived Flicker Artifact

Jiménez-Moreno

Martinez-Enriquez

Kumar

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Multimedia

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Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. Abstract-Flicker is a common video compression-related temporal artifact. It occurs when co-located regions of consecutive frames are not encoded in a consistent manner, especially when Intra frames are periodically inserted at low and medium bit rates. In this paper we propose a flicker reduction method which aims to make the luminance changes between pixels in the same area of consecutive frames less noticeable. To this end, a temporal low-pass filtering is proposed that smooths these luminance changes on a block-by-block basis. The proposed method has some advantages compared to another state-of-the-art methods. It has been designed to be compliant with conventional video coding standards, i.e., to generate a bitstream that is decodable by any standard decoder implementation. The filter strength is estimated on-the-fly to limit the PSNR loss and thus the appearance of a noticeable blurring effect. The proposed method has been implemented on the H.264/AVC reference software and thoroughly assessed in comparison to a couple of state-of-the-art methods. The flicker reduction achieved by the proposed method (calculated using an objective measurement) is notably higher than that of compared methods: 18.78% vs. 5.32% and 31.96% vs. 8.34%, in exchange of some slight losses in terms of coding efficiency. In terms of subjective quality, the proposed method is perceived more than two times better than the compared methods.Index Terms-Flicker artifact, flicker reduction, H.264/AVC, low-pass temporal filtering, motion-guided temporal filtering, onthe-fly filter strength control, standard compliant.

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Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard-Compliant Low-Pass Temporal Filter to Reduce the Perceived Flicker Artifact

Jiménez-Moreno

Martinez-Enriquez

Kumar

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Multimedia

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“…, Fan은 동영상 시퀀스 전체가 H.264 인트 라 모드로 부호화된 경우에 연속적인 I 프레임들 사이에서 인트라 예측 모드가 사용될 때 발생하는 차이를 기준으로 플리커링을 측정하는 방법을 사용하였다 [4] . 후자의 방법으 로서, Sakaida 및 Chun 등은 I 프레임이 주기적으로 삽입된 시퀀스에서 I 프레임에서 발생되는 플리커링 현상을 줄이 기 위해서 양자화의 크기, 인트라 예측 차이, 인터 모드에서 의 스킵 모드 등의 조건을 RD 비용함수(Rate-Distortion cost function)에 추가하는 방법을 제안하였다 [5][6] . 그리고 Chono 등은 DQ(Detented Quantization) 스위칭 방법을 제 안하였는데, 이 방법에서는 현재 인트라 MB(Macroblock) 의 부호화 과정에서 DCT 계수를 양자화 함에 있어서 원본 영상을 사용하는 경우에 발생하는 계수와 P 또는 B 프레임 을 참조하는 경우에 발생하는 계수를 비교하여 둘 중 하나 를 선택함으로써 플리커링 현상을 감소시킨다 [7] .…”

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Measurement of Flickering Artifact for H.264 with Periodic I-Frame Structure

Lim¹,

Kang²,

Jung³

2010

Journal of Broadcast Engineering

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Most of multimedia video coding algorithms are lossy schemes and several kinds of spatial and temporal artifacts are inevitable. Flickering, which is the most typical coding artifact in time domain, is mainly due to fact that the quality of coded sequence fluctuates as the quantization parameter is adjusted for rate control. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of quality variation according to the characteristics of video sequence when the I-frames are periodically inserted. And we proposed the FR(Full Reference)-based assessment algorithm to measure the amount of flickering artifacts in the coded video. It is discovered that the flickering becomes critical when the level of quality is intermediate and is affected by the amount of detail or movement, the size of object, and camera parameters. The proposed measurement algorithm shows is well consistent with HVS(Human Visual System).

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