Flicker Potentials and the Alpha Rhythm in Man

Toman, James E. P.

doi:10.1152/jn.1941.4.1.51

Cited by 62 publications

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“…Their findings indicated that the alpha rhythms could be driven beyond its natural rate by sensory stimulation. While the relationship between alpha rhythm and flicker potentials [42] and synchronisation [47] was explored during the 1930s, many challenges were encountered to this day in an attempt to explain the occurrence of flicker potentials at frequencies above and below that of alpha rhythm [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG inter/intra-hemispheric coherence and asymmetric responses to visual stimulations

Cvetković

Cosic

2009

Med Biol Eng Comput

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This study has attempted to increase the meaning and significance of findings in the experimental areas of electroencephalographic (EEG) visual or photic driving. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the visual stimulation at particular extremely low frequency order could possibly induce changes in the corresponding EEG frequency bands by examining the functional connectedness between brain regions. This was evaluated by applying the improved experimental protocol and objective using non-parametric spectral estimation coherence algorithm. The findings from our study revealed a significantly higher coherence in the EEG beta2 band (16.6 Hz) corresponding to 16.66 Hz visual stimulation, suggesting a high inter-hemispheric functional connectivity during visual stimulus. A significant increase was revealed during 50 Hz visual stimulation at gamma band and a decrease during 4 Hz visual stimulation at theta band, linked with a substantial transitional shift in predominance from anterior to posterior relative power. This study may also increase the awareness of EEG visual driving response studies in clinical practice to uncover potential neurophysiologic abnormalities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG inter/intra-hemispheric coherence and asymmetric responses to visual stimulations

Cvetković

Cosic

2009

Med Biol Eng Comput

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“…The bleaching of the right optic disk was the only abnormal ophthalmological finding. There was a scar of 3cm in length along the right eyebrow, but no fracture was (1) and (3), but no response is noted in (2). Later alization of responses between the right and the left lead is noted in (1) the wooden fragments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photic Driving in Optic Nerve Damage

Ito

1969

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…In particular,¯ickering light directly in¯uences cortical activity (measured by EEG) and this has been demonstrated in a number of animal species and in man, where the ®rst of these studies was conducted in the 1940s (Walker et al, 1944). Although changes were observed in several brain areas, they were most pronounced in the occipital region (Toman, 1941). Furthermore, Walker et al (1944) examined the dierent components of the visual system in macaque monkeys, cats, dogs and man and were able to demonstrate that EEG activity recorded over the occipital cortex was synchronous with the frequency of retinal stimulation and, in macaque monkeys, this synchronisation peaked at 34 Hz (this was much lower than for other components of the visual system).…”

Section: Critical Flicker Fusion Threshold (Cfft)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Critical flicker fusion threshold: a potentially useful measure for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease

Curran

Wattis

2000

Hum. Psychopharmacol. Clin. Exp.

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Critical Flicker Fusion Threshold (CFFT) is a psychophysical threshold and, in psychological terms, it is regarded as a measure of information processing capacity. CFFT has previously been shown to be a valid and reliable measure in young healthy volunteers and it also has a long history of use as a psychopharmacological measure in this group. Furthermore, the test satisfies many of the requirements of an 'ideal' measure for monitoring change, especially in a psychopharmacological context. Despite this, CFFT has been neglected as a research tool in elderly and Alzheimer's disease (AD) populations and was therefore investigated further in this regard. CFFT in community-based healthy elderly subjects was normally distributed, but CFFT and ascending and descending thresholds were not significantly correlated with age. The difference between ascending and descending thresholds was, however, significantly correlated with age and this relationship appeared to be due almost entirely to a change in the descending threshold. In addition, descending thresholds were found to be significantly greater than ascending thresholds in healthy elderly subjects. In contrast, patients with AD were found to have significantly lower CFFT and descending scores compared with healthy elderly subjects. Interestingly, descending thresholds were significantly lower than ascending thresholds in the patient group, a feature that may be a characteristic of AD. Mean CFFT and ascending and descending thresholds were found to have a high test-retest, split-half and inter-rater reliability, in addition to being significantly correlated with a number of psychometric measures, clinical scales and neuropsychological instruments commonly used to assess patients with AD. CFFT is a quick and simple measure to administer and patients had no difficulty completing the test. Because the measure is a psychophysical threshold, it is free from educational and cultural bias and there are no floor or ceiling effects. From the results of this work, CFFT appears to be a useful research tool in AD. It may be a suitable measure for monitoring cognitive change over time, either in community studies of AD or a clinical trial context, but further work is required. The technique might also contribute to the early detection of AD. This application would be particularly important because it would enable effective pharmacotherapies to be started early during the course of the illness before neuronal damage is too advanced and this would have significant benefits for patients. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Flicker Potentials and the Alpha Rhythm in Man

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

EEG inter/intra-hemispheric coherence and asymmetric responses to visual stimulations

EEG inter/intra-hemispheric coherence and asymmetric responses to visual stimulations

Photic Driving in Optic Nerve Damage

Critical flicker fusion threshold: a potentially useful measure for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease

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