Flexor carpi radialis surface electromyography electrode placement for evoked and voluntary measures

Green, Lara A.; McGuire, Jessica; Gabriel, David A.

doi:10.1002/mus.24631

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…The lack of stability, as assess by the repeated-measures ANOVA, resulted in a reduced intraclass correlation coefficient. However, the intrasubject coefficient of variation (Grand Mean/SEM) was 24.5%, which was deemed acceptable for further analyses (Green et al 2015). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural, biomechanical, and physiological factors involved in sex-related differences in the maximal rate of isometric torque development

2016

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ObjectiveRecent research has reported that lower maximal rate of torque development (dτ/dt max) exhibited by females, relative to males, during knee extension can be accounted for by normalization to a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC); however, this was not seen in the upper limb.PurposeThe aim of the current work was to examine the contribution of maximum strength (τmax), twitch contraction time (CT), muscle fiber condition velocity (MFCV), and rate of muscle activation (Q30) to sex-differences in the dτ/dt max during maximal isometric dorsiflexion.MethodsThirty-eight participants (20 males; 18 females) performed both maximal voluntary and evoked isometric contractions of the tibialis anterior across 3 days. Ten maximal compound muscle action potentials were elicited and subsequently followed by three, 5-s contractions. From the recordings, MFCV, dτ/dt max, τmax, CT, electromechanical delay (EMD), root-mean squared (RMS) amplitude, peak-to-peak voltage (Vpp), and Q30 were calculated.ResultsAn ANCOVA showed that τmax accounted for all the sex-differences in dτ/dt max (p = 0.96). There were no significant differences between groups with respect to MFCV, RMS amplitude, Vpp amplitude, or CT. However, there was a significant sex-difference in dτ/dt max, τmax, and Q30. Females had longer evoked EMD times compared with males (15.69 ± 10.57 ms versus 9.95 ± 3.46 ms; p = 0.01), but the voluntary EMD times were not different.ConclusionThe current research supports the work by Hannah et al. Exp Physiol 97:618–629, (2012) that normalization to MVC in the quadriceps is able to account for all sex-differences in rate of toque development in the lower limb.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural, biomechanical, and physiological factors involved in sex-related differences in the maximal rate of isometric torque development

2016

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“…The effect that electrode placement has on the patterns of responses measured by CMAP34573637383940 and electromyography (EMG)414243444546 requires ad hoc adjustments to maximize data reliability and validity. In this paper, we showed that the reliability of EIM as a biomarker for the assessment of muscle is also affected by the precise positioning of the electrodes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines to electrode positioning for human and animal electrical impedance myography research

Sanchez

Pacheck

Rutkove

2016

Sci Rep

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The positioning of electrodes in electrical impedance myography (EIM) is critical for accurately assessing disease progression and effectiveness of treatment. In human and animal trials for neuromuscular disorders, inconsistent electrode positioning adds errors to the muscle impedance. Despite its importance, how the reproducibility of resistance and reactance, the two parameters that define EIM, are affected by changes in electrode positioning remains unknown. In this paper, we present a novel approach founded on biophysical principles to study the reproducibility of resistance and reactance to electrode misplacements. The analytical framework presented allows the user to quantify a priori the effect on the muscle resistance and reactance using only one parameter: the uncertainty placing the electrodes. We also provide quantitative data on the precision needed to position the electrodes and the minimum muscle length needed to achieve a pre-specified EIM reproducibility. The results reported here are confirmed with finite element model simulations and measurements on five healthy subjects. Ultimately, our data can serve as normative values to enhance the reliability of EIM as a biomarker and facilitate comparability of future human and animal studies.

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“…The point that elicited the largest sEMG response at the lowest stimulation intensity was identified as the motor point. Electrodes were placed in a bipolar electrode configuration, as it is reliable for both evoked and voluntary measures [ 23 ], one on the electrically identified motor point, and the other placed immediately distal (10 mm). The electrodes were secured to the skin surface with two-sided tape and electrolyte gel (Signa Gel®, Parker Laboratories, Fairfield, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data suggest that neuromuscular function during hyperthermia is dependent on both the source of thermal stimuli and the type of task being performed. Surface electromyograpy (sEMG) is a non-invasive method to objectively quantify neuromuscular activation of muscle [ 23 ], and could be a valuable technique to investigate the physiological mechanisms responsible for these differences. Additionally, sEMG has been used extensively to investigate various neuromuscular disorders [ 24 ], muscular fatigue [ 9 , 25 – 27 ], and the effects of temperature on muscle properties [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core and skin temperature influences on the surface electromyographic responses to an isometric force and position task

et al. 2018

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The large body of work demonstrating hyperthermic impairment of neuromuscular function has utilized maximal isometric contractions, but extrapolating these findings to whole-body exercise and submaximal, dynamic contractions may be problematic. We isolated and compared core and skin temperature influences on an isometric force task versus a position task requiring dynamic maintenance of joint angle. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was measured on the flexor carpi radialis at 60% of baseline maximal voluntary contraction while either pushing against a rigid restraint (force task) or while maintaining a constant wrist angle and supporting an equivalent inertial load (position task). Twenty participants performed each task at 0.5°C rectal temperature (Tre) intervals while being passively heated from 37.1±0.3°C to ≥1.5°C Tre and then cooled to 37.8±0.3°C, permitting separate analyses of core versus skin temperature influences. During a 3-s contraction, trend analysis revealed a quadratic trend that peaked during hyperthermia for root-mean-square (RMS) amplitude during the force task. In contrast, RMS amplitude during the position task remained stable with passive heating, then rapidly increased with the initial decrease in skin temperature at the onset of passive cooling (p = 0.010). Combined hot core and hot skin elicited shifts toward higher frequencies in the sEMG signal during the force task (p = 0.003), whereas inconsistent changes in the frequency spectra occurred for the position task. Based on the patterns of RMS amplitude in response to thermal stress, we conclude that core temperature was the primary thermal afferent influencing neuromuscular response during a submaximal force task, with minimal input from skin temperature. However, skin temperature was the primary thermal afferent during a position task with minimal core temperature influence. Therefore, temperature has a task-dependent impact on neuromuscular responses.

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Flexor carpi radialis surface electromyography electrode placement for evoked and voluntary measures

Abstract: The electrode placement resulted in reliable measures from voluntary contractions and CMAPs. Normalization can decrease reliability.

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Neural, biomechanical, and physiological factors involved in sex-related differences in the maximal rate of isometric torque development

Neural, biomechanical, and physiological factors involved in sex-related differences in the maximal rate of isometric torque development

Guidelines to electrode positioning for human and animal electrical impedance myography research

Core and skin temperature influences on the surface electromyographic responses to an isometric force and position task

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