Flexible Ultrahigh-Temperature Polymer-Based Dielectrics with High Permittivity for Film Capacitor Applications

Abstract

Abstract:In this report, flexible cross-linked polyarylene ether nitrile/functionalized barium titanate(CPEN/F-BaTiO 3 ) dielectrics films with high permittivitywere prepared and characterized. The effects of both the F-BaTiO 3 and matrix curing on the mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties of the CPEN/F-BaTiO 3 dielectric films were investigated in detail. Compared to pristine BaTiO 3 , the surface modified BaTiO 3 particles effectively improved their dispersibility and interfacial adhesion in the polymer matrix. Moreover, the introduction of F-BaTiO 3 particles enhanced dielectric properties of the composites, with a relatively high permittivity of 15.2 and a quite low loss tangent of 0.022 (1 kHz) when particle contents of 40 wt % were utilized. In addition, the cyano (-CN) groups of functional layer also can serve as potential sites for cross-linking with polyarylene ether nitrile terminated phthalonitrile (PEN-Ph) matrix and make it transform from thermoplastic to thermosetting. Comparing with the pure PEN-ph film, the latter results indicated that the formation of cross-linked network in the polymer-based system resulted in increased tensile strength by~67%, improved glass transition temperature (T g ) by~190 • C. More importantly, the CPEN/F-BaTiO 3 composite films filled with 30 wt % F-BaTiO 3 particles showed greater energy density by nearly 190% when compared to pure CPEN film. These findings enable broader applications of PEN-based composites in high-performance electronics and energy storage devices materials used at high temperature.

Nanoparticle Filler Content and Shape in Polymer Nanocomposites

“…The hydrogel compressive strength and modulus increased significantly at moderate crosslinking density that was directly proportional to nanoparticle content. An increase in Young's modulus was observed also in crosslinked nanocomposites containing BaTiO 3 (Pu Z. et al, 2017). In contrast, there is little difference in dielectric performance compared to those nanocomposites without crosslinking (Niu Y. et al, 2015).…”

“…In contrast, there is little difference in dielectric performance compared to those nanocomposites without crosslinking (Niu Y. et al, 2015). Furthermore, the elasticity and tensile strength decreased with filler content (Pu Z. et al, 2017) making the nanocomposite inferior to conventional elastomers (Yue Y. et al, 2013). Similar doubts hold true for an epoxy -CNTs composite (Choi J.H.…”

“…Mechanical stabilization of the polymer by addition of nanoparticles is analogous to semi-crystalline thermoplastics: Below T g filler nanoparticles have a marginal effect (López D. et al, 2001). The T g , however, may be shifted from that of the pure polymer depending on polymer-nanoparticle interactions (Pu Z. et al, 2017). Higher/lower T g indicates better/worse compatibility (Zhu A. et al, 2008) due to formation of either immobilized polymer ( Fig.…”

“…Higher/lower T g indicates better/worse compatibility (Zhu A. et al, 2008) due to formation of either immobilized polymer ( Fig. 5) or free-volume (loosely organized polymer chains), respectively (Pu Z. et al, 2017). Loading poly(vinyl chloride) with 2 wt% of SiO 2 nanoparticles increased the T g by 2.5 °C when good interfacial compatibility exists and decreased it by 1.5 °C for incompatible interfaces (Zhu A. et al, 2008).…”

Enhanced Dielectric and Mechanical Properties of Ternary Composites via Plasticizer-Induced Dense Interfaces

“…100 [ 12 ]) in composites, researchers have to incorporate ferroelectric ceramic at a rather high volume content based on binary series and parallel dielectric models [ 13 , 14 ]. Unfortunately, uneven dispersions and aggregation of the ceramic in polymer would be induced, resulting in the reduced flexibility and mechanical robustness of the composites [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Furthermore, if nanosized ceramic filler with ultrahigh surface energy is introduced at a very high concentration, the mechanical characteristics would deteriorate.…”