Flexible, Transparent, and Bifacial Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Using the Wide-Band Gap FAPbBr₃ Perovskite Absorber

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer impressive performance and flexibility, thanks to their simple, low-temperature deposition methods. Their band gap tunability allows for a wide range of applications, transitioning from opaque to transparent devices. This study introduces the first flexible, bifacial PSCs using the FAPbBr 3 perovskite. We investigated the impact of optimizing electron and hole transport layers on the cells' bifaciality, transparency, and stability. PSCs achieved a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.8 and 18.7% under 1 sun and indoor light conditions (1200 lx), respectively, showing up to 98% bifaciality factor and an average visible transmittance (AVT) of 55%. Additionally, a P1−P2−P3 laser ablation scheme has been developed on the flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate for perovskite solar modules showing a PCE of 4.8% and high geometrical fill factor (97.8%). These findings highlight the potential of flexible, bifacial PSCs for diverse applications such as building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), agrivoltaics, automotive technology, wearable sensors, and Internet of things (IoT).

Moisture Uptake Relaxes Stress in Metal Halide Perovskites at the Expense of Stability

“…Although FAPbBr 3 is scarcely used as a photovoltaic absorber material due to its large bandgap (∼2.3 eV), , this composition was selected to study the details of the relaxation phenomena in perovskites for several reasons. First, several studies have shown that, unlike its iodide-based alternative, FAPbBr 3 directly forms the cubic perovskite phase without transient or permanent inclusion of intermediate complexes or secondary phases. , Second, light-induced halide segregation is avoided, as FAPbBr 3 is a single halide composition. , Lastly, compared with MA-based perovskite compositions, FAPbBr 3 is relatively stable in air and under illumination .…”