“…It is a symmetric idempotent matrix and has been successfully applied in various fields, such as transfer learning [1,2], feature learning [3], extreme learning [4], ensemble learning [5][6][7][8][9], dictionary learning [10,11], and multivariate statistical analysis (MVA) [12][13][14][15][16]. e practical applications involve a wide range of aspects (e.g., data-driven fault diagnosis and prognosis [3,17,18], sentiment analysis [7,8], web page classification [9], information retrieval [4,19,20], image denoising [10], and signal processing of electronics [11], theoretical chemistry and graph theory [21], and rank data analysis [22]). For instance, Chen S. Z. et al [4] proposed a flexible ranking extreme learning machine (ELM) method based on matrix-centering transformation to replace the traditional graph Laplacian matrix-based methods.…”