Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys

Hinrichs, Frauke; Kauffmann, Alexander; Schliephake, Daniel; Seils, Sascha; Obert, Susanne; Ratschbacher, Karin; Allen, Melissa; Pundt, Astrid; Heilmaier, Martin

doi:10.3390/met11111723

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This is nevertheless rather relevant for fatigue testing under cyclic loading than for quasistatic loading. A further process optimization or the use of a high-quality powder batch (e.g., using ultrasonic-atomized powders [ 32 , 33 ] could be therefore interesting aspects for future approaches and to improve deformability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Filigree Additively Manufactured NiTi Structures Using Micro Tomography and Micromechanical Testing for Metamaterial Material Models

et al. 2023

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This study focuses on the influence of additive manufacturing process strategies on the specimen geometry, porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties as well as their impacts on the design of metamaterials. Filigree additively manufactured NiTi specimens with diameters between 180 and 350 µm and a nominal composition of Ni50.9Ti49.1 (at %) were processed by laser powder bed fusion in a first step. Secondly, they structures were characterized by optical and electron microscopy as well as micro tomography to investigate the interrelations between the process parameters, specimen diameters and microstructure. Each specimen was finally tested in a micro tensile machine to acquire the mechanical performance. The process strategy had, besides the resulting specimen diameter, an impact on the microstructure (grain size) without negatively influencing its quality (porosity). All specimens revealed a superelastic response while the critical martensitic phase transition stress decreased with the applied vector length. As a conclusion, and since the design of programmable metamaterials relies on the accuracy of FEM simulations, precise and resource-efficient testing of filigree and complex structures remains an important part of creating a new type of metamaterials with locally adjusted material behavior.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Filigree Additively Manufactured NiTi Structures Using Micro Tomography and Micromechanical Testing for Metamaterial Material Models

et al. 2023

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“…In an another study, it was highlighted that the powder produced with a laboratory-scale atomizer fulfilled all of the necessary requirements for the AM processes. In addition, it was asserted that, in the laboratory-scale setup, the oxygen control of the powder can be further improved thanks to the freedom of choice of the higher purity raw materials and processed gas [ 20 ]. Despite this, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no work, on the comparison between a laboratory-scale produced powder and a commercial one, has yet been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Laboratory-Scale Gas-Atomized AlSi10Mg Powder and a Commercial-Grade Counterpart for Laser Powder Bed Fusion Processing

et al. 2022

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Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an additive manufacturing technology that implies using metal powder as a raw material. The powders suitable for this kind of technology must respect some specific characteristics. Controlled gas atomization and post-processing operations can strongly affect the final properties of the powders, and, as a consequence, the characteristics of the bulk components. In fact, a complete characterization of the powders is mandatory to fully determine their properties. Beyond the most used tests, such as the volume particle size distribution (PSD) and flowability, the PSD number, the Hausner ratio and the oxidation level can give additional information otherwise not detectable. The present work concerns the complete characterization of two AlSi10Mg powders: a commercial-grade gas atomized powder and a laboratory-scale gas atomized counterpart. The laboratory-scale gas atomization allows to better manage the amount of the fine particles and the oxidation level. As a consequence, a higher particle packing can be reached with an increase in the final density and tensile strength of the LPBF bulk samples.

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“…However, it is well accepted that oxygen contamination cannot be entirely avoided during the technical processing of multiphase Mo alloys. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29], powder metallurgy [9,21,25,[28][29][30][31][32], and additive manufacturing [9,28].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxygen content in Mo-based alloys as a result of different production routes. Sources for ingot metallurgy[23][24][25][26][27][28][29], powder metallurgy[9,21,25,[28][29][30][31][32], and additive manufacturing[9,28].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Oxygen in Mo-TM (TM = Ti, Zr, Hf) Solid Solutions as Studied with Density Functional Theory Calculations

Touzani,

Nizinkovskyi,

Krüger

2024

Crystals

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Mo-Ti-Si, Mo-Zr-B, and Mo-Hf-B are promising alloy systems for high-temperature applications as they show higher toughness and higher creep resistance than other Mo-based alloys. Regarding ductility and toughness, the chemical composition of the Mo solid-solution phase is the main parameter with which to tweak these properties of multiphase Mo-based alloys. Besides the common solid-solution hardening, one goal is to minimize embrittlement by decreasing the detrimental effects of interstitials like oxygen atoms in Mo alloys, which might be present in the bulk material due to trapping. For a better understanding of the trapping mechanisms and behavior of Mo solid solutions, the bonding situation and interaction of Mo atoms with the atoms of the alloying partners, as well as oxygen atoms, is worthwhile to investigate. For this, an in-depth analysis of the chemical bonding situation with calculations based on density functional theory in selected Mo-TM(-O) (TM = Ti, Zr, Hf) solid solutions is conducted in this work. It is shown that Ti atoms in a Mo solid solution are strong traps for oxygen atoms, while Hf and, even more clearly, Zr atoms are not. It is pointed out that the ionic and covalent interactions are the primary influence on the trapping behavior, as the change in ionic and covalent interactions between trapping and nontrapping models follows the trend Mo-1Ti > Mo-1Hf > Mo-1Zr, which resembles the trend of the trapping energy.

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Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Characterization of Filigree Additively Manufactured NiTi Structures Using Micro Tomography and Micromechanical Testing for Metamaterial Material Models

Characterization of Filigree Additively Manufactured NiTi Structures Using Micro Tomography and Micromechanical Testing for Metamaterial Material Models

Evaluation of a Laboratory-Scale Gas-Atomized AlSi10Mg Powder and a Commercial-Grade Counterpart for Laser Powder Bed Fusion Processing

Effect of Oxygen in Mo-TM (TM = Ti, Zr, Hf) Solid Solutions as Studied with Density Functional Theory Calculations

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