Flexible piezoelectric AlN transducers buckled through package-induced preloading for mechanical energy harvesting

Mariello, Massimo; Blad, T.W.A.; Mastronardi, Vincenzo Mariano; Madaro, Francesco; Guido, Francesco; Staufer, U.; Tolou, N.; Vittorio, Massimo De

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.105986

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Note that among the five defect mode shapes, we focus on the certain defect band frequency of 59.65 kHz because the out-of-plane monopole-like defect mode shape at this frequency, as shown in Additional file 1: Fig. S4, was found to be most advantageous for minimizing voltage cancellation [58,59] when incorporating defect modes of phononic crystals into energy harvesting applications, as addressed in previous studies [39,40,51,60].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double defects-induced elastic wave coupling and energy localization in a phononic crystal

Shin

Yoon

et al. 2021

Nano Convergence

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This study aims to investigate elastic wave localization that leverages defect band splitting in a phononic crystal with double defects through in-depth analysis of comparison of numerical and experimental results. When more than one defect is created inside a phononic crystal, these defects can interact with each other, resulting in a distinctive physical phenomenon from a single defect case: defect band splitting. For a phononic crystal consisting of circular-hole type unit cells in a thin aluminum plate, under A0 (the lowest antisymmetric) Lamb waves, both numerical simulations and experiments successfully confirm the defect band splitting phenomenon via frequency response functions for the out-of-plane displacement calculated/measured at the double defects within a finite distance. Furthermore, experimental visualization of in-phase and out-of-phase defect mode shapes at each frequency of the split defect bands is achieved and found to be in excellent agreement with the simulated results. Different inter-distance combinations of the double defects reveal that the degree of the defect band splitting decreases with the increasing distance due to weaker coupling between the defects. This work may shed light on engineering applications of a multiple-defect-introduced phononic crystal, including broadband energy harvesting, frequency detectors, and elastic wireless power transfer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double defects-induced elastic wave coupling and energy localization in a phononic crystal

Shin

Yoon

et al. 2021

Nano Convergence

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“…In recent years, focused research effort has been directed toward components fabricated on flexible substrates [ 58 , 64 , 65 , 66 ] that greatly expand the possible range of applications served by EH components. The current research is in line with this trend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Response and Substrate Effect of ZnO Nanowires for Mechanical Energy Harvesting in Internet-of-Things Applications

et al. 2022

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Recently, an unprecedented growth in the internet of things (IoT) is being observed, which is becoming the main driver for the entire semiconductor industry. Reliable maintenance and servicing of the IoT is becoming challenging, knowing that the IoT nodes outnumber the human population by a factor of seven. Energy harvesting (EH) can overcome those difficulties, delivering the energy-autonomous IoT nodes to the market. EH converts natural or waste energies (vibrations, heat losses, air flows, light, etc.) into useful energy. This article explores the performance of ZnO nanowires under mechanical actuation to characterize their piezoelectric performance. ZnO nanowires were fabricated using ALD and a subsequent chemical bath growth. AISI 301 steel was used as a substrate of the EH device to better fit the mechanical requirements for the piezoelectric generator. We determined that a thin layer of another oxide below ZnO provides outstanding adhesion. The samples were submitted under repetitive mechanical stress in order to characterize the output piezovoltage for different conditions. They exhibited a piezoelectric signal which was stable after hundreds of actuations. This shows good promise for the use of our device based on ZnO, an Earth-abundant and non-toxic material, as an alternative to the conventional and popular but harmful and toxic PZT. The designed measurement setup demonstrated that a AISI 301 steel substrate coated with ZnO deposited by ALD and grown in a chemical bath has promising performance as a piezoelectric material. Characterized ZnO samples generate up to 80 nJ of energy during 55 second runs under matched load conditions, which is sufficient to supply a modern IoT node.

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“…One of the most applicable methods for increasing the frequency bandwidth of a harvester is adding nonlinearity to the system (Fang et al, 2021; Yan et al, 2022; Zhou et al, 2019). This nonlinearity may include applying preloads (Mariello et al, 2021), magnetic coupling (Tri Nguyen et al, 2020), monostable, bistable (Kardarakos et al, 2021), and multistable (Huang and Yang, 2021) designs. Multitude of studies are performed to exhibit the effects of bistability on the frequency bandwidth of a piezoelectric energy harvester (Andò et al, 2013; Pellegrini et al, 2013; Yao et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the efficiency of a bistable cantilever beam energy harvester exploiting vibro-impact effects

Shahsavar

Ashory

Khatibi

2022

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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In this paper, a novel energy harvester is proposed by adding a barrier to a typical bistable energy harvester, which is modeled exploiting an equivalent single degree of freedom. By using Euler-Lagrange equations, mass, structural stiffness, magnetic force and electromechanical coupling coefficient of the harvester, are converted to an equivalent SDOF model. The frequency bandwidth of the system and the level of harvested power in impacting and non-impacting conditions are obtained. According to the numerical results, it is found by adding a barrier to a typical bistable energy harvester, the working frequency bandwidth of the system is increased tangibly. In fact, by vibro-impact phenomenon, the working frequency bandwidth and extracted power of the system are increased about 42.95% and more than 7 times, respectively. Additionally, the effects of stiffness and initial gap of the barrier are shown on frequency bandwidth of the harvester. It is observed that the gap distance has more effect on widening frequency bandwidth of the system against barrier stiffness. Finally, the effect of the electrical load resistance on the harvested power is discussed at various barrier stiffnesses and initial gap distances and finally the optimum values of the electrical load are provided for each condition.

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Flexible piezoelectric AlN transducers buckled through package-induced preloading for mechanical energy harvesting

Cited by 32 publications

References 69 publications

Double defects-induced elastic wave coupling and energy localization in a phononic crystal

Double defects-induced elastic wave coupling and energy localization in a phononic crystal

Piezoelectric Response and Substrate Effect of ZnO Nanowires for Mechanical Energy Harvesting in Internet-of-Things Applications

Increasing the efficiency of a bistable cantilever beam energy harvester exploiting vibro-impact effects

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